Acciones de prevención para reducir la violencia doméstica contra la mujer en tiempos de pandemia y postpandemia en la ciudad de Barranquilla
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Oyola Flórez, Astrid Milena
Cárdenas Monsalvo, Mayelys Judith
Meléndez Buelvas, María del Carmen
Merlano Gutiérrez, Meliza Liney
Reyes Martínez, Paula Andrea
Rodríguez Ramos, Jennifer Yuliana
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Este trabajo de investigación se enfoca en identificar acciones de
prevención desarrolladas para reducir la violencia doméstica contra las mujeres en
Barranquilla por entidades públicas, privadas, Ongs y academia, durante y después de la
pandemia del COVID-19. La pandemia ha provocado un aumento de la violencia doméstica, y la
investigación indaga sobre acciones desarrolladas por el gobierno y otras organizaciones para
prevenirla. El método cualitativo utilizado con soportes de la encuesta y la observación
participante, permitió recopilar datos de una muestra de 50 mujeres para conocer su percepción
sobre las acciones de prevención. La mayoría de las mujeres encuestadas consideraron que las
acciones de prevención actuales no son suficientes para reducir la violencia doméstica.
Asimismo, se destacaron algunas medidas tomadas por diferentes entidades para prevenir
y abordar el problema, incluidas Comisarías de Familia, Líneas de Orientación a Mujeres
Víctimas de Violencia, Centros de Salud, ICBF (Instituto Colombiano del Bienestar Familiar),
Fiscalía, Alcaldía Distrital, Gobernación del Atlántico, Universidades y Fundaciones, que
brindan apoyo y asistencia a mujeres víctimas de violencia doméstica, además,
implementan estrategias de prevención interesantes como la aplicada por el Distrito de
Barranquilla, con la Unidad Móvil de Atención a Mujeres Víctimas de Violencia y la campaña
"Estamos contigo", que brinda acompañamiento psicosocial y un canal para denunciar la
violencia.
En los hallazgos se denota que la pandemia Covid-19 fue un detonante para el aumento
de casos de violencia doméstica en el cual se evidenciaban pocas acciones de prevención ya que
hubo diferentes barreras para acceder a los servicios, es decir; la pandemia afecto el acceso en
oportunidad y apoyo a las víctimas, como refugios, líneas telefónicas de ayuda y servicios de
asesoramiento. En el contexto post-pandemia, las violencias aún persisten con barreras que deben superarse, por que dificultan la garantía a servicios de prevención de este flagelo, asimismo, es relevante el elemento de educación continua y campañas de sensibilización para promover una cultura de respeto, igualdad de género y no violencia.
Para el manejo de casos debido al confinamiento social, seguidamente, en tiempos de post-pandemia se hace necesario el fortalecimiento y la implementación de nuevas acciones de prevención que ayuden a disminuir e identificar las causas y factores de riesgo y con ello a diseñar y evaluar estas acciones con el fin que se evidencie el papel de distintas organizaciones u entidades públicas, privadas y ONG para la reducción de la violencia.
Debido a toda esta situación, y luego de la pandemia Covid-19 se han implementado innovadoras acciones de prevención y respuesta adaptadas al contexto actual. Estas incluyen:
1. Fortalecimiento de los servicios de apoyo: fortalecer los servicios de apoyo a las víctimas de violencia, como líneas telefónicas de ayuda, servicios de asesoramiento en línea y refugios seguros. Además, se han establecido protocolos de respuesta para garantizar que las víctimas tengan acceso a la ayuda necesaria.
2. Apoyo económico y medidas de protección social: Se han implementado medidas para proporcionar apoyo económico a las mujeres en situación de violencia, como subsidios económicos, acceso a empleo y oportunidades de capacitación. Estas acciones buscan reducir la dependencia económica y fortalecer la autonomía de las mujeres para tomar decisiones sobre su bienestar y seguridad.
Igualmente, el rol de la academia en la prevención de violencia contra la mujer es fundamental, especialmente, la Universidad Simón Bolívar, matriz de la cátedra unesco:
prevención de violencia contra la mujer, quien desarrolla por cuatro años un proyecto que busca desarticular las violencias y favorecer la garantía de los derechos humanos a una vida libre de violencias contra las mujeres.
En conclusión, la prevención de la violencia contra la mujer ha requerido adaptaciones y acciones específicas antes y después de la pandemia de COVID-19. Desde la sensibilización y educación hasta el fortalecimiento de los servicios de apoyo, estas acciones buscan abordar los desafíos y riesgos adicionales que las mujeres enfrentan en el contexto actual. Es fundamental seguir trabajando de manera colaborativa, fortaleciendo los recursos y promoviendo una sociedad libre de violencia de género donde participen todas las organizaciones privadas, públicas, academia, Ong, de manera articulada.
This research work focuses on identifying prevention actions developed to reduce domestic violence against women in Barranquilla by public and private entities, NGOs and academia, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has caused an increase in domestic violence, and the investigation investigates actions taken by the government and other organizations to prevent it. The qualitative method used with the support of the survey and participant observation, allowed the collection of data from a sample of 50 women to find out their perception of prevention actions. Most of the women surveyed considered that current prevention actions are not enough to reduce domestic violence. In addition, some measures taken by different entities to prevent and address the problem were highlighted, including Family Police Stations, Guidance Lines for Women Victims of Violence, Health Centers, ICBF (Colombian Institute for Family Welfare), Prosecutor's Office, District Mayor's Office, Government del Atlántico, Universities and Foundations, which provide support and assistance to women victims of domestic violence, in addition, implement interesting prevention strategies such as the one applied by the District of Barranquilla, with the Mobile Unit for Attention to Women Victims of Violence and the campaign " We are with you", which provides psychosocial support and a channel to denounce violence. The findings show that the Covid-19 pandemic was a trigger for the increase in cases of domestic violence in which few preventive actions were evident since there were different barriers to access services, that is; The pandemic affected opportunity access and support for victims, such as shelters, telephone help lines, and counseling services. In the post-pandemic context, violence still persists with barriers that must be overcome, because they make it difficult to guarantee services for the prevention of this scourge, likewise, the element of continuing education and awareness campaigns to promote a culture of respect, equality is relevant. of gender and non-violence. For the management of cases due to social confinement, then, in post-pandemic times, it is necessary to strengthen and implement new prevention actions that help reduce and identify the causes and risk factors and with this to design and evaluate these actions in order to demonstrate the role of different organizations or public and private entities and NGOs for the reduction of violence. Due to all this situation, and after the Covid-19 pandemic, innovative prevention and response actions adapted to the current context have been implemented. These include: 1. Strengthening support services: Strengthen support services for victims of violence, such as hotlines, online counseling services, and safe havens. In addition, response protocols have been established to ensure that victims have access to the necessary help. 2. Economic support and social protection measures: Measures have been implemented to provide economic support to women in situations of violence, such as economic subsidies, access to employment and training opportunities. These actions seek to reduce economic dependence and strengthen the autonomy of women to make decisions about their well-being and safety. Likewise, the role of the academy in the prevention of violence against women is essential, especially the Simón Bolívar University, parent company of the UNESCO Chair: Prevention of Violence Against Women, which has been developing a project for four years that seeks to dismantle violence. and favor the guarantee of human rights to a life free of violence against women. In conclusion, the prevention of violence against women has required adaptations and specific actions before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. From awareness raising and education to strengthening support services, these actions seek to address the additional challenges and risks that women face in the current context. It is essential to continue working collaboratively, strengthening resources and promoting a society free of gender violence where all private and public organizations, academia, NGOs participate in an articulated manner.
This research work focuses on identifying prevention actions developed to reduce domestic violence against women in Barranquilla by public and private entities, NGOs and academia, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has caused an increase in domestic violence, and the investigation investigates actions taken by the government and other organizations to prevent it. The qualitative method used with the support of the survey and participant observation, allowed the collection of data from a sample of 50 women to find out their perception of prevention actions. Most of the women surveyed considered that current prevention actions are not enough to reduce domestic violence. In addition, some measures taken by different entities to prevent and address the problem were highlighted, including Family Police Stations, Guidance Lines for Women Victims of Violence, Health Centers, ICBF (Colombian Institute for Family Welfare), Prosecutor's Office, District Mayor's Office, Government del Atlántico, Universities and Foundations, which provide support and assistance to women victims of domestic violence, in addition, implement interesting prevention strategies such as the one applied by the District of Barranquilla, with the Mobile Unit for Attention to Women Victims of Violence and the campaign " We are with you", which provides psychosocial support and a channel to denounce violence. The findings show that the Covid-19 pandemic was a trigger for the increase in cases of domestic violence in which few preventive actions were evident since there were different barriers to access services, that is; The pandemic affected opportunity access and support for victims, such as shelters, telephone help lines, and counseling services. In the post-pandemic context, violence still persists with barriers that must be overcome, because they make it difficult to guarantee services for the prevention of this scourge, likewise, the element of continuing education and awareness campaigns to promote a culture of respect, equality is relevant. of gender and non-violence. For the management of cases due to social confinement, then, in post-pandemic times, it is necessary to strengthen and implement new prevention actions that help reduce and identify the causes and risk factors and with this to design and evaluate these actions in order to demonstrate the role of different organizations or public and private entities and NGOs for the reduction of violence. Due to all this situation, and after the Covid-19 pandemic, innovative prevention and response actions adapted to the current context have been implemented. These include: 1. Strengthening support services: Strengthen support services for victims of violence, such as hotlines, online counseling services, and safe havens. In addition, response protocols have been established to ensure that victims have access to the necessary help. 2. Economic support and social protection measures: Measures have been implemented to provide economic support to women in situations of violence, such as economic subsidies, access to employment and training opportunities. These actions seek to reduce economic dependence and strengthen the autonomy of women to make decisions about their well-being and safety. Likewise, the role of the academy in the prevention of violence against women is essential, especially the Simón Bolívar University, parent company of the UNESCO Chair: Prevention of Violence Against Women, which has been developing a project for four years that seeks to dismantle violence. and favor the guarantee of human rights to a life free of violence against women. In conclusion, the prevention of violence against women has required adaptations and specific actions before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. From awareness raising and education to strengthening support services, these actions seek to address the additional challenges and risks that women face in the current context. It is essential to continue working collaboratively, strengthening resources and promoting a society free of gender violence where all private and public organizations, academia, NGOs participate in an articulated manner.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Violencia doméstica, confinamiento, acciones de prevención, Domestic violence, confinement, prevention actions