Examinando por Autor "Salazar, Juan"
Mostrando 1 - 20 de 46
Resultados por página
Opciones de ordenación
Ítem Advanced Glycation End Products: New Clinical and Molecular Perspectives(MDPI, 2021) Salazar, Juan; Navarro, Carla; Ortega, Ángel; Nava, Manuel; Morillo, Daniela; Torres, Wheeler; Hernández, Marlon; Cabrera, Mayela; Angarita, Lissé; Ortiz, Rina; Chacín, Maricarmen; D'Marco, Luis; Bermúdez, ValmoreDiabetes mellitus (DM) is considered one of the most massive epidemics of the twenty-first century due to its high mortality rates caused mainly due to its complications; therefore, the early identification of such complications becomes a race against time to establish a prompt diagnosis. The research of complications of DM over the years has allowed the development of numerous alternatives for diagnosis. Among these emerge the quantification of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) given their increased levels due to chronic hyperglycemia, while also being related to the induction of different stress-associated cellular responses and proinflammatory mechanisms involved in the progression of chronic complications of DM. Additionally, the investigation for more valuable and safe techniques has led to developing a newer, noninvasive, and effective tool, termed skin fluorescence (SAF). Hence, this study aimed to establish an update about the molecular mechanisms induced by AGEs during the evolution of chronic complications of DM and describe the newer measurement techniques available, highlighting SAF as a possible tool to measure the risk of developing DM chronic complications.Ítem Age-specific waist circumference cutoff-points for abdominal obesity diagnosis: a personalized strategy for a large Venezuelan population(Springer, 2021) Bermudez, Valmore; Salazar, Juan; Martínez, María Sofía; Olivar, Luis Carlos; Nava, Manuel; Rojas, Milagros; Ortega, Ángel; Añez. Roberto; Toledo, Alexandra; Rojas, Joselyn; Chacín, Maricarmen; Rodríguez, Johel E.; D'Marco, Luis; Cano, ClímacoBackground Evidence shows that the ageing process is a determining factor in fat distribution, composition, and functionality. The goal of this research was to determine cut-off points for waist circumference according to age in the adult population from Maracaibo city, Venezuela. Methodology The Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with multi-stage randomized sampling. In this post-hoc analysis 1902 individuals ≥18 years and from both sexes were evaluated. Waist circumference ROC curves were built for each age group and sex, using metabolic phenotypes for classification. Results 52.2% (n = 992) were women, and the mean age was 38.7 ± 2. Cut-off points obtained for the <30 years age group were: 91 cm for women (Sensitivity: 96,8%, Specificity: 97,7%) and 94 cm for men (Sensitivity:100%, Specificity: 99,2%); for 30–49 years: women 94 cm (Sensitivity: 93.7%, Specificity: 97.1%) and men 95 cm (Sensitivity: 97.3%, Specificity: 100%); for ≥50 years: women 94 cm (Sensitivity: 91.8%, Specificity: 86.7%) and men 101 cm (Sensitivity: 100%, Specificity: 100%) Conclusion The use of specific cut-off points according to age groups is proposed to determine abdominal obesity in Maracaibo city due to the underestimation seen in young people and the overestimation observed in older people when using a unique cut-off point.Ítem Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Pathophysiologic and pharmacotherapeutics links(Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 2021) Rojas, Milagros; Chávez-Castillo, Mervin; Ba, Jordan; Ortega, Ángel; Nava, Manuel; Salazar, Juan; Díaz-Camargo, Edgar; Rojas-Quintero, Joselyn; Bermúdez, ValmoreAt present, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two highly prevalent disorders worldwide, especially among elderly individuals. T2DM appears to be associated with cognitive dysfunction, with a higher risk of developing neurocognitive disorders, including AD. These diseases have been observed to share various pathophysiological mechanisms, including alterations in insulin signaling, defects in glucose transporters (GLUTs), and mitochondrial dysfunctions in the brain. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms implicated in the association of these pathologies as well as recent therapeutic alternatives. In this context, the hyperphosphorylation of tau and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles have been associated with the dysfunction of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in the nervous tissues as well as the decrease in the expression of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 in the different areas of the brain, increase in reactive oxygen species, and production of mitochondrial alterations that occur in T2DM. These findings have contributed to the implementation of overlapping pharmacological interventions based on the use of insulin and antidiabetic drugs, or, more recently, azeliragon, amylin, among others, which have shown possible beneficial effects in diabetic patients diagnosed with AD.Ítem Análisis clínico-epidemiológico de las subfracciones HDL2 y HDL3 en adultos de la ciudad de Maracaibo, Venezuela(Instituto Nacional de Salud. Lima, Perú, 2020) Linares, Sergia; Bermúdez, Valmore; Salazar, Juan; Nava, Manuel; Ortega, Ángel; Olivar, Luis; Calvo, María; Martínez, María Sofía; Morales-Carrasco, Alex; Chacín, Maricarmen; Rojas, JoselynObjetivo: Realizar un análisis clínico-epidemiológico de las subfracciones de colesterol unido a lipoproteinas de alta densidad (HDL-C, por sus siglas en inglés) en adultos de la ciudad de Maracaibo, Venezuela. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de la base de datos del Estudio de Prevalencia de Síndrome Metabólico de Maracaibo, que incluyó 359 individuos de ambos sexos, mayores de 18 años, a quienes se les determinó la concentración sérica de HDL3 y HDL2, así como el índice HDL2/ HDL3; evaluando sus niveles según características sociodemográficas, clínicas y bioquímicas. Resultados: La edad promedio de la población era 39,4 ± 15,2 años, y 51,5% era de sexo femenino. Solo se observaron diferencias en los niveles de HDL-C en aquellos sujetos con HDL-C bajas. Las mujeres con hipertriacilgliceridemia mostraron concentraciones séricas de HDL3 y HDL2 significativamente menores con respecto a aquellas con triacilglicéridos normales (p = 0,033); asimismo, se encontró una concentración menor de HDL3 y relación HDL2/HDL3 en aquellas con proteína C reactiva ultrasensible (PCR-us) elevada (p < 0,001). En hombres, se evidenció una concentración significativamente menor de HDL2 en aquellos con algún grado de hipertensión arterial (p = 0,031), insulinorresistencia (p = 0,050) y síndrome metabólico (p = 0,003); mientras que aquellos con PCR-us elevada mostraron una menor concentración de HDL3 (p = 0,011). Conclusión: Las subfracciones de HDL-C muestran un comportamiento clínico epidemiológico variable en adultos de la población de Maracaibo, con promedios más bajos en los hombres, diferencias en los niveles únicamente en aquellos con HDL-C bajas, y sin predominio de alguna subclase según las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y bioquímicas.Ítem Aproximación al uso de interfaz gráfica en la operatividad de agentes inteligentes con imágenes médicas(Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacología Clínica y Terapéutica, 2019) Osorio Ortega, Shirley Katherinne; Hernández Lalinde, Juan Diego; Rodríguez, Johel E.; Reyes Herrera, Pedro Enrique; Armas Ramírez, Pablo Marcelo; Morán Narváez, Luis Eduardo; Velastegui Rodríguez, Gisella Patricia; Salazar, Juan; Añez, Roberto; Bermúdez, ValmoreEn el presente artículo se da a conocer el estado del arte relativo al desarrollo de interfaz gráfica de usuario para la integración de técnicas de procesamiento de imágenes y operadores basados en máquinas inteligentes, orientada a la construcción de enfoques computacionales útiles en la rutina clínica y/o en la investigación relacionada con el diagnóstico de neoplasias malignas en el sistema gastrointestinal. Para ello, inicialmente se contextualiza a través de una fundamentación teórica la interfaz gráfica en el contexto de las imágenes médicas, lo cual sustenta las entradas principales de la matriz documental. La revisión documental de artículos científicos, libros, capítulos de libros, tesis de grado y posgrado referentes al objeto de estudio son sistematizados mediante la matriz documental como instrumento de recolección de información. De allí, y considerando un análisis de contenido, se exploraron sesenta y cuatro referencias bibliográficas relacionadas con las entradas de la matriz documental. Los hallazgos develaron que en el contexto nacional y en el internacional ha ido creciendo el diseño de aplicativos para la integración de algoritmos matemático-computacionales con interfaz gráfica de usuario para el procesamiento y análisis de imágenes de tumores cancerígenos de estómago. No obstante, no se ha alcanzado aún una solución computacional óptima.Ítem Assessment of methods for volumetric quantification of intracerebral hematomas in computerized tomography images(Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacología Clínica y Terapéutica, 2018) Vera, Miguel; Huérfano, Yoleidy; Barrera, Doris; Valbuena, Oscar; Salazar, Williams; Vera, María Isabel; Hernández, Carlos; Vivas, Marisela; Borrero, Maryury; Molina, Ángel Valentín; Martínez, Luis Javier; Salazar, Juan; Gelvez, Elkin; Contreras, Yudith; Sáenz, FrankThis work evaluates the performance of computational methods aimed at volume generation of five intracerebral hematomas (ICH), present in multi-layer computed tomography images, by means of three complementary steps. First. A ground truth volume or reference volume (RV) is considered. This RV is obtained, by a neurosurgeon, using the manual planimetric method (MPM). In a second step, the volumetry of the 5 ICH’s is obtained considering both the original version of the ABC/2 method and two of its variants, identified in this paper as ABC/3 method and 2ABC/3 method. The ABC methods allow for calculating hematoma volume under the geometric assumption that the ICH has an ellipsoidal shape. In a third step, a smart automatic technique (SAT) is implemented to generate the three-dimensional segmentation of each ICH. In the context of the present work, the expression SAT method is used to refer to the new methodology proposed to calculate the volume of the ICH. In order to evaluate the performance of the SAT, the Dice coefficient (Dc) is used to compare the dilated segmentations of the ICH with the ICH segmentations generated, manually, by a neurosurgeon. Finally, the percentage relative error is calculated as a measure to evaluate the methodologies considered. The results show that the SAT method exhibits the best performance, generating an average percentage error of less than 3%.Ítem Automatic segmentation of a cerebral glioblastoma using a smart computational technique(Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacología Clínica y Terapéutica, 2018) Vera, Miguel; Huérfano, Yoleidy; Valbuena, Oscar; Hoyos, Diego; Arias, Yeni; Contreras, Yudith; Salazar, Williams; Vera, María Isabel; Borrero, Maryury; Vivas, Marisela; Hernández, Carlos; Barrera, Doris; Molina, Ángel Valentín; Martínez, Luis Javier; Salazar, Juan; Gelvez, ElkinWe propose an intelligent computational technique for the image segmentation of a type IV brain tumor, identified as multiform glioblastoma (MGB), which is present in multi-layer computed tomography images. This technique consists of 3 stages developed in the three-dimensional domain. They are: pre-processing, segmentation and validation. During the validation stage, the Dice coefficient (Dc) is considered in order to compare the segmentations of the MGB, obtained automatically, with the segmentations of the MGB generated manually, by a neuro-oncologist. The combination of parameters linked to the highest Dc, allows to establish the optimal parameters of each of the computational algorithms that make up the proposed nonlinear technique. The obtained results allow to report a Dc higher than 0.88, validating a good correlation between the manual segmentations and those produced by the computational technique developed.Ítem Automatic segmentation of a meningioma using a computational technique in magnetic resonance imaging(Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacología Clínica y Terapéutica, 2018) Vera, Miguel; Huérfano, Yoleidy; Molina, Ángel Valentín; Valbuena, Oscar; Vivas, Marisela; Cuberos, María; Salazar, Williams; Vera, María Isabel; Borrero, Maryury; Hernández, Carlos; Barrera, Doris; Martínez, Luis Javier; Salazar, Juan; Gelvez, Elkin; Contreras, Yudith; Sáenz, FrankThrough this work we propose a computational technique for the segmentation of a brain tumor, identified as meningioma (MGT), which is present in magnetic resonance images (MRI). This technique consists of 3 stages developed in the three-dimensional domain: pre-processing, segmentation and post-processing. The percent relative error (PrE) is considered to compare the segmentations of the MGT, generated by a neuro-oncologist manually, with the dilated segmentations of the MGT, obtained automatically. The combination of parameters linked to the lowest PrE, provides the optimal parameters of each computational algorithm that makes up the proposed computational technique. Results allow reporting a PrE of 1.44%, showing an excellent correlation between the manual segmentations and those produced by the computational technique developed.Ítem Automatic segmentation of epidural hematomas using a computational technique based on intelligent operators: a clinical utility(Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacología Clínica y Terapéutica, 2018) Salazar, Juan; Vera, Miguel; Huérfano, Yoleidy; Valbuena, Oscar; Salazar, Williams; Vera, María Isabel; Gelvez, Elkin; Contreras, Yudith; Borrero, Maryury; Vivas, Marisela; Barrera, Doris; Hernández, Carlos; Molina, Ángel Valentín; Martínez, Luis Javier; Sáenz, FrankThis paper proposes a non-linear computational technique for the segmentation of epidural hematomas (EDH), present in 7 multilayer computed tomography brain imaging databases. This technique consists of 3 stages developed in the three-dimensional domain, namely: pre-processing, segmentation and quantification of the volume occupied by each of the segmented EDHs. To make value judgments about the performance of the proposed technique, the EDH dilated segmentations, obtained automatically, and the EDH segmentations, generated manually by a neurosurgeon, are compared using the Dice coefficient (Dc). The combination of parameters linked to the highest Dc value, defines the optimal parameters of each of the computational algorithms that make up the proposed nonlinear technique. The obtained results allow the reporting of a Dc superior to 0.90 which indicates a good correlation between the manual segmentations and those produced by the computational technique developed. Finally, as an immediate clinical application, considering the automatic segmentations, the volume of each hematoma is calculated considering both the voxel size of each database and the number of voxels that make up the segmented hematomas.Ítem Biochemical and clinical characterization of metabolic phenotypes: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo city, Venezuela [version 1; referees: awaiting peer review](is published by F1000 Research Ltd, 2018-02) Bermudez, Valmore; Rojas, Joselyn; Salazar, Juan; Martinez, Maria Sofia; Olivar, Luis; Calvo, Maria Jose; Mindiola, Andres; Añez, Roberto; Wilches-Duran, Sandra; Cerda, Marcos; Graterol, Modesto; Graterol, Rosemily; Hernandez, Juan Diego; Garicano, Carlos; Velasco, ManuelBackground: In 1980, Reuben Andresen observed that in certain individuals, obesity did not increase mortality, introducing an atypical phenotype called “healthy obese”. Other studies reported that 10-15 % of lean individuals presented insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical and clinical characteristics of metabolic phenotypes in Maracaibo city. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a randomized multistage sampling was performed including 1226 non diabetic individuals from both sexes. For phenotype definition, the subjects were first classified according to their BMI into Normal-Weight, Overweight and Obese; then divided in metabolically healthy and unhealthy using a two-step analysis cluster. To evaluate the relationship with coronary risk, a multiple logistic regression model was performed. Results: In the studied population, 5.2% (n=64) corresponded to unhealthy lean subjects, and 17.4% (n=217) to healthy obese subjects. Metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUNW) phenotype was found in males in 53.3% in contrast to 51.3% of metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) phenotype found in females. An association between metabolically unhealthy phenotypes and a higher risk of a coronary event was found, especially for obese individuals (MHO: OR=1.85 CI95%: 1.11-3.09; p=0.02 and MUO: OR=2.09 CI95%: 1.34-3.28; p<0.01). Conclusion: Individuals with atypical metabolic phenotypes exist in Maracaibo city. Related factors may include insulin resistance, basal glucose levels, and triglycerides levels. Lastly, cardiovascular risk exhibited by healthy obese individuals should be classified in categories of major coronary risk related to lean subjects.Ítem Cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome components: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo City, Venezuela [version 1; referees: 1 approved with reservations](F1000 Research Ltda, 2018-05-22) Bermudez, Valmore; Olivar, Luis Carlos; Torres, Wheeler; Navarro, Carla; Gonzalez, Robys; Morocho, Alicia; Mindiola, Andres; Chacin, Maricarmen; Arias, Victor; Añez, Roberto; Salazar, Juan; Riaño Garzon, Manuel; Diaz Camargo, Edgar; Judith Bautista, Maria; Rojas, JoselynBackground: A growing body of evidence suggests that cigarette smoking can cause the onset of metabolic syndrome prior to cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking habit and metabolic syndrome components in an adult population from Maracaibo city, Venezuela. Methods: The Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with random and multi-stage sampling. In this sub-study, 2212 adults from both genders were selected. On the basis of their medical background, they were classified as smokers, non-smokers and former smokers. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to Harmonizing 2009 criteria, using population-specific abdominal circumference cut-off points. The association between risk factors was evaluated using a logistic regression model. Results: In the studied population, 14.8% were smokers, 15.4% were former smokers. In the multivariate analysis, the presence of metabolic syndrome (smokers: OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.11–2.14; p=0.010) and its components were related to cigarette smoking, with the exception of hyperglycemia. High blood pressure was inversely associated with current smoking status (smokers: OR, 0.70 (0.51–0.95); p=0.025).Ítem Comparación de índices antropométricos para agregación de múltiples factores de riesgo en adultos de Cuenca, Ecuador(Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2018) Torres, Maritza; Ortiz, Rina; Sigüencia, Wilson; Ordoñez, Maria; Alcántara, Víctor; Salazar, Juan; Añez, Roberto; Rojas, Joselyn; Bermudez, ValmoreObjetivos. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la capacidad predictiva de diferentes índices antropométricos en la determinación de la agregación de múltiples factores de riesgo (AMFR) en la población adulta de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con un muestreo aleatorio multietápico en 318 sujetos adultos a quienes se les realizó una evaluación clínica, antropométrica y de laboratorio; siendo la circunferencia abdominal, índice de masa corporal (IMC) e índice cintura altura (ICA) los índices evaluados. La AMFR se definió como la presencia de ≥ dos componentes del síndrome metabólico (excluyendo circunferencia abdominal). Se realizaron curvas COR para determinar el área bajo la curva (ABC) para cada índice. Resultados. De los 318 individuos, un 54,1% (n=172) presentaron AMFR. Según los resultados obtenidos por curvas COR, la mayor capacidad predictiva en mujeres se observó con el IMC y el ICA (ABC: 0,751 y 0,750, respectivamente) mientras que en hombres la circunferencia abdominal y el ICA mostraron una capacidad predictiva similar (ABC=0,762). El análisis multivariante ajustado por sexo y edad mostró que el ICA elevado (OR: 2,53; IC95%: 1,12-5,71; p=0,026) fue el mejor predictor de AMFR, seguido por el IMC (OR: 2,15; IC95%: 1,19-3,88; p=0,010). Conclusiones. La capacidad predictiva de los índices antropométricos está influenciada por el sexo, no obstante, el ICA es el mejor predictor de la AMFR en la población de Cuenca.Ítem Data Mining and Endocrine Diseases: A New Way to Classify?(Elsevier, 2018-04) Salazar, Juan; Espinoza, Cristobal; Mindiola, Andres; Bermudez, ValmoreData mining consists of using large database analysis to detect patterns, relationships and models in order to describe (or even predict) the appearance of a future event; to accomplish this, it uses classification methods, rules of association, regression patterns, link and cluster analyses. Recently this approach has been used to propose a new diabetes mellitus classification, using information analysis techniques through which the selection bias minimally influences categorization, this new focus that includes data mining previously implemented to predict, identify biomarkers, complications, therapies, health policies, genetic and environmental effects of this disease; it could be generalized in the field of endocrinology, in the classification of other endocrine diseases.Ítem Digital processing of medical images: application in synthetic cardiac datasets using the CRISP_DM methodology(Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión, 2018) Contreras, Yudith; Vera, Miguel; Huérfano, Yoleidy; Valbuena, Oscar; Salazar, Williams; Vera, María Isabel; Borrero, Maryury; Barrera, Doris; Hernández, Carlos; Molina, Ángel Valentín; Martínez, Luis Javier; Sáenz, Frank; Vivas, Marisela; Salazar, Juan; Gelvez, ElkinIn this work an adaptation of the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology, in the context of digital medical image processing is proposed. Specifically, synthetic images reported in the literature are used as numerical phantoms. Construction of the synthetic images was inspired by a detailed analysis of some of the imperfections found in the real multilayer cardiac computed tomography images. Of all the imperfections considered, only Poisson noise was selected and incorporated into a synthetic database. An example is presented in which images contaminated with Poisson noise are processed and then subject to two classical digital smoothing techniques, identified as Gaussian filter and anisotropic diffusion filter. Additionally, the peak of the signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is considered as a metric to analyze the performance of these filters.Ítem Efecto del consumo de alimentos preparados en el hogar y adquiridos en la escuela sobre el perfil lipídico de escolares en Maracaibo, Venezuela(Cooperativa servicios y suministros 212518 RS, 2018) Alfonzo, Narly; Abreu, Marioly De; García, María; Rincón, Yuslemi; Carrillo, Marisol; Amell, Anilsa; Chávez-Castillo, Mervin; Rojas, Joselyn; Martínez, María S.; Salazar, Juan; Añez, Roberto J.; Chacín, Maricarmen; Graterol, Modesto; Bermúdez, ValmorePropósito: En décadas recientes, ha aumentado en la población infantil la prevalencia de enfermedades como obesidad y dislipidemias, de manera atribuible a prácticas propias de la sociedad occidentalizada. Esto incluye sobreingesta calórica, incluso en el desayuno, una particularmente importante para ésta demografía. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar efecto del consumo de alimentos preparados en el hogar (APH) o alimentos adquiridos en la institución educativa (AIE) y la ingesta nutricional diaria en el perfil lipídico de escolares normopeso de la parroquia Raúl Leoni del Municipio Maracaibo, Venezuela. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, transversal y de campo en 52 escolares de ambos sexos pertenecientes a 2 colegios privados de la Parroquia Raúl Leoni del Municipio Maracaibo, Estado Zulia; con edades comprendidas entre 8-10 años, e Índice de Masa Corporal clasificado normopeso para su edad y sexo. Se determinaron los parámetros antropométricos y perfil lipídico de los participantes; y se obtuvo la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y el contenido nutricional de su desayuno e ingesta diaria mediante un recordatorio de 24 horas tipo encuesta, cuyos datos fueron procesados según la Tabla de Composición de Alimentos de Venezuela. Resultados: Las proporciones de adecuación nutricional de calorías, grasas y carbohidratos fueron excesivas en los niños que desayunan AIE, y significativamente superiores a los que desayunan APH (p<0,011; p<0,002 y p<0,002, respectivamente). No se objetivaron diferencias entre los parámetros bioquímicos. Los alimentos más frecuentemente consumidos en ambos grupos incluyeron frituras. No se encontró relación entre los valores de perfil lipídico y la proporción de adecuación nutricional de calorías, proteínas, carbohidratos o grasas en ningún grupo (p>0,05). Conclusiones: En la población estudiada, los escolares que desayunan AIE reciben un aporte excesivo de calorías, grasas y carbohidratos; no obstante, este excedente no parece influir significativamente sobre su perfil lipídico.Ítem Etelcalcetide and Paricalcitol in Chronic Kidney Disease: When the Target Is Inflammation(MDPI, 2022) D’Marco, Luis; Checa-Ros, Ana; Gamero, Dionilux; Soto, Carlos; Salazar, Juan; Nava, Manuel; Bermúdez, Valmore; Dapana, FabiolaIntroduction: secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHP) is frequent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in those in dialysis. To treat this complication, the current options available include phosphorus restriction, phosphate binders, the inhibition of parathyroid hormone (PTH) synthesis and secretion by the supplementation of vitamin D or VDR activators, or the use of calcimimetics. Beyond the control of PTH, the effects of the treatment of SHP on other biomarkers of risk may represent an additional benefit for this population. In this study, we explore the benefits of current SHP treatment options, mainly paricalcitol and/or etelcalcetide in the inflammatory state of hemodialysis (HD) patients. Results: the study finally included 142 maintenance HD patients (5 patients were excluded) followed for 6 months (dialysis vintage 26 30 months, mean age 70 years old, 73% women, 81% Spanish white, 47% diabetic). In this case, 52 patients were on regular treatment with paricalcitol for SHP and 25 patients were eligible to initiate etelcalcetide. The baseline serum levels of Ca, P, PTH, Ferritin, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and other variables were measured. We found serum PTH levels showed an improvement after the treatment with etelcalcetide again paricalcitol and no treatment (p < 0.04). Of note, serum levels of CRP were significantly lower in a small group of patients (n = 11) receiving paricalcitol + etelcalcetide compared to paricalcitol or etelcalcetide alone. The proportion of patients with CRP within target ranges ( 1.0 mg/dL) increased significantly after combined treatment (p < 0.001). Conclusions: etelcalcetide proved to safely reduce the PTH levels without significant adverse events and the possibility of a synergic anti-inflammatory effect with the simultaneous use of Paricalcitol in HD patients.Ítem Exploring the relationship between the Gut Microbiota and Ageing: A possible age modulator(MDPI, 2023) Salazar, Juan; Durán, Pablo; Díaz, María P.; Chacín, Maricarmen; Santeliz, Raquel; Mengual, Edgardo; Gutiérrez, Emma; León, Xavier; Díaz, Andrea; Bernal, Marycarlota; Escalona, Daniel; Parra Hernández, Luis Alberto; Bermúdez, ValmoreThe gut microbiota (GM) has been the subject of intense research in recent years. Therefore, numerous factors affecting its composition have been thoroughly examined, and with them, their function and role in the individual’s systems. The gut microbiota’s taxonomical composition dramatically impacts older adults’ health status. In this regard, it could either extend their life expectancy via the modulation of metabolic processes and the immune system or, in the case of dysbiosis, predispose them to age-related diseases, including bowel inflammatory and musculoskeletal diseases and metabolic and neurological disorders. In general, the microbiome of the elderly tends to present taxonomic and functional changes, which can function as a target to modulate the microbiota and improve the health of this population. The GM of centenarians is unique, with the faculty-promoting metabolic pathways capable of preventing and counteracting the different processes associated with age-related diseases. The molecular mechanisms by which the microbiota can exhibit anti-ageing properties are mainly based on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. This review focuses on analysing the current knowledge of gut microbiota characteristics and modifiers, its relationship with ageing, and the GM-modulating approaches to increase life expectancy.Ítem Fto gene: historic background and its relationship with chronic-degenerative diseases(Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertención, 2018-07-15) Torres, Maritza; Bermúdez, Valmore; Ortiz, Rina; Siguencia, Wilson; Prieto, Carem; Añez, Roberto; Martínez, María Sofía; Angarita Dávila, Lissé; Rojas Gómez, Diana Marcela; Salazar, Juan; González Casanova, Jorge Enrique; Sánchez Guette, Lilibeth; Guillén Burgos, Hernán Felipe; Kuzmar, Isaac; Roque, Willy; Rojas, Edward; Rojas, JoselynAlteraciones en el desarrollo de la atención y la organización conductual pueden configurar cuadros clínicos como el trastorno déficit de atención (TDA) que puede estar acompañado o no de hiperactividad (TDAH), este último parece tener una relación directa con otros diagnósticos de tipo endocrino como la obesidad. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la relación que existe entre el TDAH y la obesidad. Es por ello que se realiza una revisión sistemática de estudios científicos revelando relaciones y diferencias entre ambos trastornos desde una mirada fisiológica, cognoscitiva y comportamental. Se concluye que la relación entre el TDAH y la obesidad se da por factores genéticos, por variaciones dopaminérgicas, cambios en patrones de sueño, desajustes emocionales y por alteraciones en la regulación de la conducta; igualmente influyen factores sociales relacionados con el cuidado en el embarazo y la alimentación de las mujeres antes y durante la gestación.Ítem High grade glioma segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging(Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión, 2018) Vera, Miguel; Huérfano, Yoleidy; Martínez, Luis Javier; Contreras, Yudith; Salazar, Williams; Vera, María Isabel; Valbuena, Oscar; Borrero, Maryury; Hernández, Carlos; Barrera, Doris; Molina, Ángel Valentín; Salazar, Juan; Gelvez, Elkin; Sáenz, Frank; Hoyos, Diego; Arias, YenyThrough this work we propose a computational technique for the segmentation of magnetic resonance images (MRI) of a brain tumor, identified as high grade glioma (HGG), specifically grade III anaplastic astrocytoma. This technique consists of 3 stages developed in the threedimensional domain. They are: pre-processing, segmentation and post-processing. The pre-processing stage uses a thresholding technique, morphological erosion filter (MEF), in gray scale, followed by a median filter and a gradient magnitude algorithm. On the other hand, in order to obtain a HGG preliminary segmentation, during the segmentation stage a clustering algorithm called region growing (RG) is implemented and it is applied to the preprocessed images. The RG requires, for its initialization, a seed voxel whose coordinates are obtained, automatically, through the training and validation of an intelligent operator based on support vector machines (SVM). Due to the high sensitivity of the RG to the location of the seed, the SVM is implemented as a highly selective binary classifier. During the post-processing stage, a morphological dilation filter is applied to preliminary segmentation generated by RG. The percent relative error (PrE) is considered by comparing the segmentations of the HGG, generated manually by a neuro-oncologist, with the dilated segmentations of the HGG, obtained automatically. The combination of parameters linked to the lowest PrE, allows establishing the optimal parameters of each computational algorithms that make up the proposed computational technique. The obtained results allow reporting a PrE of 11.10%, which indicates a good correlation between the manual segmentations and those produced by the computational technique developed.Ítem Importance of high triglycerides levels between novel coronary risk factors(Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular., 2017-11) Bermúdez, Valmore; Salazar, Juan; Calvo, María; Martínez, María; Añez, Roberto; Rivas-Ríos, José; Chacín, Maricarmen; Hernández, Juan; Graterol, Modesto; Rojas, JoselynIntroduction: The analysis of new cardiovascular risk factors is under an extensive debate in the cardiology and metabolic research fields. Objective: To determine the main factors that contribute to the classification of individuals with higher coronary risk in the adult population from Maracaibo, Venezuela. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with multistage random sampling in 1379 individuals belonging to the Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study (MMSPS) was performed. They were classified according to the coronary risk by Framingham-Wilson equation adapted to our population. The association between various risk factors was evaluated by ordinal logistic regression models. Results: 1,379 subjects (females 55.9%; n = 771) were evaluated, 66.2% (n = 913) were classified with low coronary risk. In univariate ( 2 = 112.35; p < 0.00001) and multivariate analysis [OR: 3.98 (2.39-6.63); p < 0.01], the main factors associated to be classified as the highest risk category were hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion: There are several factors that should be included in predictive models use worldwide. The most important in our population were dyslipidemia such as hypertriglyceridemia, hyperlipoproteinemia (a) and insulin resistance.
- «
- 1 (current)
- 2
- 3
- »