Examinando por Autor "García-Pacheco, Henry"
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Ítem The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia(Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión, 2022) Contreras-Velásquez, Julio C.; García-Navarro, Jorge Isaac; Contreras Velásquez, Zaida Rocío; Londoño Arias, José Alban; Albornoz, Neida; Rosario-Cohen, Miguel; Torres, Maritza; Angarita, Lissé; García-Pacheco, Henry; Bermúdez, ValmoreIntroduction. The article analyzes whether health is among the three main expenditures that a household al locates from its income in the population at the base of the pyramid (BoP) and whether or not there is an asso ciation with people belonging to different socioeconomic levels in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia. Methods. The data analyzed come from a questionnaire applied to a sample of 2,394 households in the Norte de Santander region (Colombia), which were classified by socio-economic levels through the construction of a global synthetic index that, through scales, allows households to be segmented by poverty conditions, from the most in tense poverty condition to the most favorable non-poverty condition respectively, resulting in 1,521 households at the Base of the Pyramid. Results. The findings show that for BoP households, health expenditures are presented in the highest proportion of the total sample, with a value of 15.51%, while in the middle class only 10.64% of house holds included health expenditures among the top three and the upper class 8.96%. Likewise, the categories of expenditure that are associated with the different socio economic levels are housing, public services, health, and education. Conclusions. Although the income level of the study population is low, it can be inferred that the BoP households surveyed in the region of Norte de Santander, Colombia, health expenditures are presented in the highest proportion of the total sample, with a value of 15.51%, while in the middle class only 10.64% of households included health expenditures among the top three, and the upper class 8.96%.Ítem Intrinsic and environmental basis of aging: A narrative review(Elsevier Ltd., 2023) Navarro, Carla; Salazar, Juan; Díaz, María P.; Chacin, Maricarmen; Santeliz, Raquel; Vera, Ivana; D'Marco, Luis; Parra, Heliana; Bernal, Mary Carlota; Castro, Ana; Escalona, Daniel; García-Pacheco, Henry; Bermúdez, ValmoreLongevity has been a topic of interest since the beginnings of humanity, yet its aetiology and precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Aging is currently viewed as a physiological phenomenon characterized by the gradual degeneration of organic physiology and morphology due to the passage of time where both external and internal stimuli intervene. The influence of intrinsic factors, such as progressive telomere shortening, genome instability due to mutation buildup, the direct or indirect actions of age-related genes, and marked changes in epigenetic, metabolic, and mitochondrial patterns constitute a big part of its underlying endogenous mechanisms. On the other hand, several psychosocial and demographic factors, such as diet, physical activity, smoking, and drinking habits, may have an even more significant impact on shaping the aging process. Consequentially, implementing dietary and exercise patterns has been proposed as the most viable alternative strategy for attenuating the most typical degenerative aging changes, thus increasing the likelihood of prolonging lifespan and achieving successful aging.Ítem NHANES 2011–2014 Reveals Decreased Cognitive Performance in U.S. Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome Combinations(MDPI, 2023) Díaz-Camargo, Edgar; Hernández-Lalinde, Juan; Sánchez-Rubio, María; Chaparro-Suárez, Yudy; Álvarez-Caicedo, Liseth; Fierro-Zarate, Alexandra; Gravini-Donado, Marbel; García-Pacheco, Henry; Rojas-Quintero, Joselyn; Bermúdez, ValmoreA relationship between metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment has been evidenced across research; however, conflicting results have been observed. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3179 adults older than 60 from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to analyze the relationship between metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment. In our results, we found that adults with abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol had 4.39 fewer points in the CERAD immediate recall test than adults without any metabolic syndrome factors [Beta = −4.39, SE = 1.32, 17.75 (1.36) vs. 22.14 (0.76)]. In addition, people with this metabolic syndrome combination exhibited 2.39 fewer points in the CERAD delayed recall test than those without metabolic syndrome criteria [Beta = −2.39, SE = 0.46, 4.32 (0.49) vs. 6.71 (0.30)]. It was also found that persons with high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and low HDL–cholesterol levels reached 4.11 points less in the animal fluency test than people with no factors [Beta = −4.11, SE = 1.55, 12.67 (2.12) vs. 16.79 (1.35)]. These findings suggest that specific metabolic syndrome combinations are essential predictors of cognitive impairment. In this study, metabolic syndrome combinations that included obesity, fasting hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, and low HDL–cholesterol were among the most frequent criteria observed.