Examinando por Autor "Albornoz, Neida"
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Ítem La base de la pirámide y la innovación frugal en América Latina(Publicaciones Científicas Universidad del Zulia, 2017-03) Graterol Rivas, Modesto Eloi; Mendoza Bernal, María Inés; Contreras Velásquez, Julio César; Graterol Silva, Rosemily; Espinosa Castro, Jhon Franklin; Ruscheinsky, Aloísio; Mazuera, Rina; Albornoz, Neida; Chacón, José; Tinoco, Antonio; Salinas, José; Lameda, Carlos; García, Adriana; García, Lizbeth; Castilla, Marly; Díaz, Edgar; Guerrero, Luisa; Rodríguez, Nuvia; Moncada, Anderson; Cardozo, Lizeth; Bonilla, Nidia; Riaño, Manuel; Torrado, Javier; Salomón, Jessica; Salón, Yesica; Raynaud, Nathalie; Calderón, Linda; Calderón, Oscar; Martínez, Leida; Ramírez, Carolina; Mantilla, Linda; Grisales, Sindy; Justacaro, Carolina; Nieto, Marcela; Santafé, Akever; Alarcón, María; Martínez, Catalina; Martínez, Magda; Aguilar, Andrea; Jaimes, Dany; Rodríguez, Teófilo; Montánchez, María; Carrillo, Sandra; Barrera, Emerson; Rodríguez, Johel; Flórez, Anderson; Mojica, Fanny; Ortega, Angie; Graterol, Angela; Montes De Oca, Yorbeth; Arellano, Madelein; Kunath, Irene; Acuña, Marianela; Arenas, Vivian; Cadrazco, John; Amaya, Ana; Mosquera, Jemay; Villamarín, Claudia; Pernia, Mauricio; Bermúdez Pirela, Valmore; Garicano, Carlos; Wilches, Sandra; Vera, Miguel; Portocarrero, Lorenzo; Duque, Oscar; Arias, Victor A.; Bautista, Nahid; Bautista, María J.; Torres, Silvia; Contreras, Marifel; Trujillo, Ever; Triana, Margarita; Acevedo, Juan; Rodríguez, Olga; Meneses, José; Cerda, Marcos; Pérez, Pablo; Melo, Maryury; Suárez, Ledy; Rincón, María; Armesto, Orlando; Gutiérrez, Edgar; Flórez, Marcela; Cano, AbelDesde un punto de vista demográfico, la Base de la Pirámide conocida por sus siglas en inglés como BoP, es una población compuesta por cerca de 4.500 millones de personas en el ámbito mundial que viven con menos de 3000 dólares de ingresos por año y que según World Resources Institute se estima en un valor de aproximadamente 5 trillones de dólares en paridad de poder adquisitivo. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, cada vez la brecha entre los ingresos de los pobres y ricos es mayor, dificultando el acceso a la economía global de personas de baja capacidad de compra, resultado de la falta de interés en esta población por parte de actores del ecosistem a económico. El presente libro por capítulos de investigación, muestra a través de revisiones bibliográficas o resultados de investigación, generalidades de la BoP, específicamente en la región de Norte de Santander, Colombia. Está dividido en tres secciones: la primera contextualiza generalidades de la BoP en América Latina; la segunda presenta investigaciones desde la perspectiva social, psicológica y cultural con algunas propuestas de inclusión para la población de estudio; finalmente la tercera sección tiene como objetivo mostrar la oportunidad que existe en la BoP en términos económicos, abordando constructos modernos como la innovación frugal y el neuromarketing como estrategias para que las empresas privadas sean exitosas al incluir la BoP como un segmento de mercado potencial.Ítem The importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population from Norte de Santander, Colombia(Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión, 2022) Contreras-Velásquez, Julio C.; García-Navarro, Jorge Isaac; Contreras Velásquez, Zaida Rocío; Londoño Arias, José Alban; Albornoz, Neida; Rosario-Cohen, Miguel; Torres, Maritza; Angarita, Lissé; García-Pacheco, Henry; Bermúdez, ValmoreIntroduction. The article analyzes whether health is among the three main expenditures that a household al locates from its income in the population at the base of the pyramid (BoP) and whether or not there is an asso ciation with people belonging to different socioeconomic levels in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia. Methods. The data analyzed come from a questionnaire applied to a sample of 2,394 households in the Norte de Santander region (Colombia), which were classified by socio-economic levels through the construction of a global synthetic index that, through scales, allows households to be segmented by poverty conditions, from the most in tense poverty condition to the most favorable non-poverty condition respectively, resulting in 1,521 households at the Base of the Pyramid. Results. The findings show that for BoP households, health expenditures are presented in the highest proportion of the total sample, with a value of 15.51%, while in the middle class only 10.64% of house holds included health expenditures among the top three and the upper class 8.96%. Likewise, the categories of expenditure that are associated with the different socio economic levels are housing, public services, health, and education. Conclusions. Although the income level of the study population is low, it can be inferred that the BoP households surveyed in the region of Norte de Santander, Colombia, health expenditures are presented in the highest proportion of the total sample, with a value of 15.51%, while in the middle class only 10.64% of households included health expenditures among the top three, and the upper class 8.96%.Ítem Importance of health spending in the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) population in Táchira, Venezuela(Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión, 2022) Contreras-Velásquez, Julio C.; García-Navarro, Jorge Isaac; Contreras Velasquez, Zaida Rocío; Londoño Arias1, José Alban; Albornoz, Neida; Rosario-Cohen, Miguel; Torres, Maritza; Angarita, Lissé; Contreras, Camilo; Garcia-Pacheco, Henry; Bermúdez, ValmoreIntroduction. This research analyzes whether health is among the three main expenditures that a household allocates from its income in the population at the base of the pyramid (BoP) and whether there is an association with people belonging to different socioeconomic levels of the BoP in the state of Táchira, Venezuela. Methods. Data was obtained from a structured questionnaire applied to a sample of 1,398 households in the Táchira region, Venezuela, which were classified by socioeconomic levels through the construction of a global synthetic index that, through scales, allows segmenting households by poverty conditions, from the most intense poverty condition to the most favorable non-poverty condition respectively, resulting in 675 households at the base of the pyramid. Results. For households at BoP levels 2 and 3, health expenditures are presented in greater proportion than in level 1, with a value of 55.74% and 51.77%, respectively, while in level 1 only 26.67% of households included health ex- penditures among the top three, likewise there is evidence of association between the BoP level and the categories of expenditures on housing, public services, health, and education. Conclusions. The results of this research also confirm the theory that the BoP population is heterogeneous due to socio-cultural differences, evidenced in the association that exists between health expenditure and socioeconomic level, when rejecting the hypothesis of independence, which means that the proportion of households that consider health expenditure important varies depending on which level of the BoP they are in.