Efecto de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso sobre la evitación experiencial en adulto joven consumidor de cocaína
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Duque Zuluaga, María Adelaida
Silva Diaz, María Fernanda
Melo Sosa, Lina Julieth
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El estudio de caso clínico busca analizar los efectos de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT) sobre la evitación experiencial y la ansiedad en un adulto joven consumidor de cocaína. Como instrumentos, se utilizó DAST-10, Cuestionario de Aceptación y Acción–II (AAQ-II), Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI). Así mismo, se desarrolló mediante un diseño de caso clínico con línea de base múltiple de tipo A-B-A, siguiendo las directrices metodológicas propuestas por Kazdin. La variable independiente correspondió al programa de intervención basado en la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso, mientras que las variables dependientes fueron los puntajes derivados de los instrumentos aplicados: la ansiedad evaluada mediante el BAI, la evitación experiencial y fusión cognitiva medidas con el AAQ-II y los indicadores de riesgo asociados a conductas
adictivas valorados a través del DAST, como estrategias de análisis de datos, se realizó el análisis visual de las gráficas determinando nivel, se evidenciaron cambios significativos
mostrando disminución de conductas de Ansiedad en 28.6 % se observa una transformación notable en la expresión fisiológica de la ansiedad, Evitación Experiencial en 40% con mayor disposición a relacionarse de forma más flexible con pensamientos y emociones, lo que es coherente con los objetivos del tratamiento basado en ACT, Conductas adictivas en 12.5% logrando la gestión emocional por sintomatología relacionada a la dependencia.
En este contexto, se propone una intervención basada en ACT, enfocada en modificar la relación que el individuo tiene con su mundo interno, promoviendo la flexibilidad psicológica y el compromiso con valores personales.
The clinical case study aims to analyze the effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on experiential avoidance and anxiety in a young adult who uses cocaine. The instruments employed were the DAST-10, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II (AAQ-II), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The study was conducted using a clinical case design with a multiple baseline A-B-A structure, following the methodological guidelines proposed by Kazdin. The independent variable corresponded to the intervention program based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, while the dependent variables were the scores obtained from the applied instruments: anxiety assessed through the BAI, experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion measured with the AAQ-II, and indicators of risk associated with addictive behaviors evaluated through the DAST-10. For data analysis, a visual analysis of the graphs was conducted, examining changes in level. Significant improvements were observed, showing a 28.6% reduction in anxiety-related behaviors, along with a notable change in the physiological expression of anxiety; a 40% decrease in experiential avoidance, reflecting greater willingness to relate more flexibly to thoughts and emotions—aligned with ACT treatment goals; and a 12.5% reduction in addictive behaviors, indicating improved emotional regulation related to dependency symptoms. In this context, an ACT-based intervention is proposed, focused on modifying the individual’s relationship with their internal experiences and promoting psychological flexibility and commitment to personal values.
The clinical case study aims to analyze the effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on experiential avoidance and anxiety in a young adult who uses cocaine. The instruments employed were the DAST-10, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II (AAQ-II), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The study was conducted using a clinical case design with a multiple baseline A-B-A structure, following the methodological guidelines proposed by Kazdin. The independent variable corresponded to the intervention program based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, while the dependent variables were the scores obtained from the applied instruments: anxiety assessed through the BAI, experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion measured with the AAQ-II, and indicators of risk associated with addictive behaviors evaluated through the DAST-10. For data analysis, a visual analysis of the graphs was conducted, examining changes in level. Significant improvements were observed, showing a 28.6% reduction in anxiety-related behaviors, along with a notable change in the physiological expression of anxiety; a 40% decrease in experiential avoidance, reflecting greater willingness to relate more flexibly to thoughts and emotions—aligned with ACT treatment goals; and a 12.5% reduction in addictive behaviors, indicating improved emotional regulation related to dependency symptoms. In this context, an ACT-based intervention is proposed, focused on modifying the individual’s relationship with their internal experiences and promoting psychological flexibility and commitment to personal values.
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Palabras clave
Terapia de aceptación y compromiso, Ansiedad, Evitación experiencial, Flexibilidad psicológica, Consumo de cocaína
