Los preacuerdos y negociaciones con la fiscalía frente al detrimento económico de las víctimas
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Mejía Arias, Laiving Damián
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La justicia premial incorporada en la Ley 906 de 2004 a partir del Acto Legislativo 03 de 2002, desarrollada a su vez en el título segundo, los “Preacuerdos y Negociaciones entre la Fiscalía y el Imputado o Acusado”, implementó dos formas de abreviar el proceso mediante la aceptación de responsabilidad, esto con la finalidad de; Humanizar la actuación procesal y la pena; obtener pronta y cumplida justicia; activar la solución de los conflictos sociales que genera el delito; propiciar la reparación integral de los perjuicios ocasionados con el injusto y lograr la participación del imputado en la definición de su caso. (Congreso de la República de Colombia, 2004, art. 348) La rebaja de pena es otorgada de acuerdo con el instituto jurídico convenido o utilizado por el imputado o acusado, es decir, mediante la negociación bilateral “preacuerdos”, o mediante la aceptación de cargos como decisión autónoma. Sin embargo, dentro de la aplicación de estos institutos existe una discusión sobre el condicionante del reintegro, que de operar haría inviable la celebración de estos institutos jurídicos; en consecuencia, la celebración de la figura premial podría ser improbada. Tal es el caso del incremento económico fruto del injusto, que de no reintegrarse por lo menos el 50 % y asegurarse el recaudo del remanente, frustraría la iniciativa de aceptación de responsabilidad.
The premial justice incorporated in Law 906 of 2004 from Legislative Act 03 of 2002, developed in turn in the second title, the "Pre-agreements and Negotiations between the Prosecutor's Office and the Accused or Accused", implemented two ways of abbreviating the process through the acceptance of responsibility, this in order to; Humanize the procedural action and the penalty; obtain prompt and complete justice; activate the solution of the social conflicts generated by the crime; promote the comprehensive reparation of the damages caused by the unjust and achieve the participation of the accused in the definition of his case. (Congress of the Republic of Colombia, 2004, art. 348) The reduction of sentence is granted according to the legal institute agreed upon or used by the accused or accused, that is, through bilateral negotiation "preagreements", or through the acceptance of charges as an autonomous decision. However, within the application of these institutes there is a discussion about the conditioning factor of the reinstatement, which if it were to operate would make the celebration of these legal institutes unfeasible; consequently, the celebration of the premial figure could be unproven. Such is the case of the economic increase resulting from the unjust, that if at least 50% is not reimbursed and the collection of the remainder is ensured, the initiative of acceptance of responsibility would frustrate the initiative of acceptance of responsibility.
The premial justice incorporated in Law 906 of 2004 from Legislative Act 03 of 2002, developed in turn in the second title, the "Pre-agreements and Negotiations between the Prosecutor's Office and the Accused or Accused", implemented two ways of abbreviating the process through the acceptance of responsibility, this in order to; Humanize the procedural action and the penalty; obtain prompt and complete justice; activate the solution of the social conflicts generated by the crime; promote the comprehensive reparation of the damages caused by the unjust and achieve the participation of the accused in the definition of his case. (Congress of the Republic of Colombia, 2004, art. 348) The reduction of sentence is granted according to the legal institute agreed upon or used by the accused or accused, that is, through bilateral negotiation "preagreements", or through the acceptance of charges as an autonomous decision. However, within the application of these institutes there is a discussion about the conditioning factor of the reinstatement, which if it were to operate would make the celebration of these legal institutes unfeasible; consequently, the celebration of the premial figure could be unproven. Such is the case of the economic increase resulting from the unjust, that if at least 50% is not reimbursed and the collection of the remainder is ensured, the initiative of acceptance of responsibility would frustrate the initiative of acceptance of responsibility.
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Aceptación de los cargos, Preacuerdos, Delitos contra el patrimonio económico, Delitos contra la administración pública, Restitución económica, Reparación económica, Incremento patrimonial
