Efecto de las emociones en el desarrollo infantil y la toma de decisiones en los niños
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Echavez Ruz, Hellen Jhoana
García Oliveros, Karolay Nicoll
Periñan Blanco, Mayleen María
Torres Carrillo, Nataly Sofia
Tejera Kook, Isaías
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El desarrollo emocional en la infancia constituye un aspecto fundamental para la construcción del bienestar psicológico, la toma de decisiones y la conformación de relaciones saludables. Las emociones permiten al niño reaccionar ante situaciones cotidianas, regular su comportamiento y comprender las consecuencias de sus acciones. Sin embargo, este desarrollo puede verse afectado por factores como la falta de educación emocional, experiencias tempranas negativas, ausencia de apego seguro, dificultades para expresar emociones y ambientes familiares conflictivos o tensos. Este estudio analiza cómo las emociones, los vínculos afectivos con los cuidadores y el entorno familiar inciden en el desarrollo socioemocional y la toma de decisiones de niños entre 5 y 8 años. Se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo bajo un diseño fenomenológico e interpretativo, con el fin de comprender las experiencias emocionales desde la perspectiva de actores cercanos a los niños. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas y observaciones a psicólogos y docentes, quienes aportaron información relevante acerca de las habilidades emocionales y dificultades más comunes en la niñez.
Emotional development in childhood is essential for psychological well-being, decision-making, and the establishment of healthy interpersonal relationships. Emotions enable children to react to daily situations, regulate their behavior, and understand the consequences of their actions. However, this development can be negatively affected by the lack of emotional education, early adverse experiences, insecure attachment, difficulties in emotional expression, and family conflict. This study explores how emotions, attachment relationships with caregivers, and the family environment influence socioemotional development and decision-making in children aged 5 to 8. A qualitative approach with a phenomenological and interpretive design was adopted to understand emotional experiences from the perspective of professionals who work closely with children. Semi-structured interviews and observational techniques were applied with psychologists and teachers, allowing for a deep understanding of children's emotional competencies and challenges.
Emotional development in childhood is essential for psychological well-being, decision-making, and the establishment of healthy interpersonal relationships. Emotions enable children to react to daily situations, regulate their behavior, and understand the consequences of their actions. However, this development can be negatively affected by the lack of emotional education, early adverse experiences, insecure attachment, difficulties in emotional expression, and family conflict. This study explores how emotions, attachment relationships with caregivers, and the family environment influence socioemotional development and decision-making in children aged 5 to 8. A qualitative approach with a phenomenological and interpretive design was adopted to understand emotional experiences from the perspective of professionals who work closely with children. Semi-structured interviews and observational techniques were applied with psychologists and teachers, allowing for a deep understanding of children's emotional competencies and challenges.
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Palabras clave
Desarrollo emocional, Infancia, Toma de decisiones, Apego, Ambiente familiar, Autorregulación, Educación emocional, Bienestar infantil
