Análisis de variables psicosociales en estudiantes de secundaria en Norte de Santander: según sexo
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Corredor Hernández, José Ramón
Antolinez Buitrago, Diana Mayerli
Arias Gelvez, Ludy Amparo
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La investigación se desarrolló en instituciones educativas del departamento Norte de
Santander (Colombia), tanto públicas como privadas, en contextos rurales y urbanos. Objetivo:
Determinar si existen diferencias significativas en el comportamiento de las variables autoestima,
inteligencia emocional y social, orientación suicida y expresión de la ira en función del sexo en
los estudiantes de secundaria del departamento. Metodología: La investigación se enmarca en
un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental de tipo transversal y un alcance
descriptivo. La población estuvo conformada por 4,317 estudiantes de secundaria de ambos
sexos. La recolección de información se realizó mediante cinco cuestionarios autoadministrados.
Resultados: Los resultados indican que existen diferencias significativas según el sexo en varias
dimensiones psicológicas. Los hombres presentan una mayor autoestima y una inteligencia
social ligeramente superior. Por otro lado, las mujeres muestran una mayor expresión de la ira y
son más propensas a orientaciones suicidas. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la
variable de inteligencia emocional. Conclusión: Se concluye que existen diferencias significativas
en el comportamiento de algunas variables en función del sexo. Esto sugiere la necesidad de
implementar estrategias preventivas a través de proyectos pedagógicos transversales para
mejorar la salud mental y mitigar los factores psicosociales que afectan el desempeño
académico, la convivencia y la vida de los jóvenes del departamento.
The research was carried out in educational institutions in the department of Norte de Santander (Colombia), both public and private, in rural and urban contexts. Objective: To determine if there are significant differences in the behavior of the variables self-esteem, emotional and social intelligence, suicidal orientation and expression of anger as a function of gender in high school students of the department. Methodology: The research is framed in a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental cross-sectional design and a descriptive scope. The population consisted of 4,317 secondary school students of both sexes. Information was collected by means of five self-administered questionnaires. Results: The results indicate that there are significant differences according to sex in several psychological dimensions. Males show higher self-esteem and slightly higher social intelligence. On the other hand, women show greater expression of anger and are more prone to suicidal orientations. No significant differences were found in the emotional intelligence variable. Conclusion: It is concluded that there are significant differences in the behavior of some variables according to sex. This suggests the need to implement preventive strategies through transversal pedagogical projects to improve mental health and mitigate psychosocial factors that affect academic performance, coexistence and the lives of young people in the department.
The research was carried out in educational institutions in the department of Norte de Santander (Colombia), both public and private, in rural and urban contexts. Objective: To determine if there are significant differences in the behavior of the variables self-esteem, emotional and social intelligence, suicidal orientation and expression of anger as a function of gender in high school students of the department. Methodology: The research is framed in a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental cross-sectional design and a descriptive scope. The population consisted of 4,317 secondary school students of both sexes. Information was collected by means of five self-administered questionnaires. Results: The results indicate that there are significant differences according to sex in several psychological dimensions. Males show higher self-esteem and slightly higher social intelligence. On the other hand, women show greater expression of anger and are more prone to suicidal orientations. No significant differences were found in the emotional intelligence variable. Conclusion: It is concluded that there are significant differences in the behavior of some variables according to sex. This suggests the need to implement preventive strategies through transversal pedagogical projects to improve mental health and mitigate psychosocial factors that affect academic performance, coexistence and the lives of young people in the department.
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Palabras clave
Autoestima, Inteligencia social, Inteligencia emocional, Ideación suicida, Ira
