Revisión de intervenciones de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso ACT para el tratamiento de la psicosis
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Angulo Arroyo, Andrea Camila
Ochoa Vargas, Leonardo José
Villanueva Gómez, Sofía Andrea
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La psicosis se entiende como el grupo de trastornos mentales graves caracterizados por la presencia de delirios, alucinaciones, desorganización del pensamiento y deterioro del funcionamiento global, representando un reto clínico debido a la persistencia de síntomas y a las limitaciones de los abordajes exclusivamente farmacológicos. La terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT), perteneciente a la tercera generación o terapias contextuales, ha sido propuesta como una alternativa que busca ayudar a las personas a relacionarse de manera más adaptativa con sus pensamientos y emociones, promoviendo cambios conductuales coherentes con sus valores. El objetivo de la presente monografía fue identificar las intervenciones basadas en ACT dirigidas al tratamiento de la psicosis, a partir de una revisión de literatura científica publicada entre 2021 y 2025 en la base de datos Web of Science. Los resultados iniciales arrojaron 103 artículos, de los cuales se incluyeron 8 al cumplir con los criterios de inclusión. Las intervenciones revisadas se orientaron principalmente al fortalecimiento de la aceptación de experiencias psicóticas, la reducción de la evitación experiencial y la promoción de acciones basadas en valores en pacientes con trastornos psicóticos. Los resultados muestran efectos favorables en la disminución de la sintomatología, con mayor énfasis en los síntomas negativos, así como mejoras en el funcionamiento y en la reintegración social. De este modo, los hallazgos demuestran que la ACT se consolida como una herramienta terapéutica prometedora en el tratamiento de la psicosis, ya que no solo busca reducir síntomas, sino también apoyar la recuperación, promoviendo la aceptación, la atención plena y la acción basada en 3 valores, lo que favorece cambios significativos en la vida diaria desde un enfoque integral y centrado en el bienestar de la persona. No obstante, aún se requiere mayor investigación para consolidar la evidencia disponible.
Psychosis is understood as a group of severe mental disorders characterized by the presence of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and impaired global functioning, representing a significant clinical challenge due to the persistence of symptoms and the limitations of exclusively pharmacological approaches. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), a third-wave intervention, has been proposed as a complementary alternative aimed at helping individuals relate more adaptively to their thoughts and emotions while promoting behavior consistent with their personal values. The aim of this monograph was to identify ACT-based interventions for the treatment of psychosis through a review of the scientific literature published between 2021 and 2025 in the Web of Science database. The initial search yielded 103 articles, of which 8 met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently analyzed. The reviewed interventions primarily focused on strengthening acceptance of psychotic experiences, reducing experiential avoidance, and fostering values-based action in individuals with psychotic disorders. The findings indicate favorable effects in symptom reduction, particularly regarding negative symptoms, as well as improvements in overall functioning and social reintegration. Overall, the results suggest that ACT is consolidating as a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of psychosis, as it not only seeks to reduce symptoms but also to support recovery by promoting acceptance, mindfulness, and value-based action, thereby facilitating meaningful changes in daily life through an integrative and person-centered approach. Nevertheless, further research is required to strengthen and consolidate the existing evidence base.
Psychosis is understood as a group of severe mental disorders characterized by the presence of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and impaired global functioning, representing a significant clinical challenge due to the persistence of symptoms and the limitations of exclusively pharmacological approaches. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), a third-wave intervention, has been proposed as a complementary alternative aimed at helping individuals relate more adaptively to their thoughts and emotions while promoting behavior consistent with their personal values. The aim of this monograph was to identify ACT-based interventions for the treatment of psychosis through a review of the scientific literature published between 2021 and 2025 in the Web of Science database. The initial search yielded 103 articles, of which 8 met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently analyzed. The reviewed interventions primarily focused on strengthening acceptance of psychotic experiences, reducing experiential avoidance, and fostering values-based action in individuals with psychotic disorders. The findings indicate favorable effects in symptom reduction, particularly regarding negative symptoms, as well as improvements in overall functioning and social reintegration. Overall, the results suggest that ACT is consolidating as a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of psychosis, as it not only seeks to reduce symptoms but also to support recovery by promoting acceptance, mindfulness, and value-based action, thereby facilitating meaningful changes in daily life through an integrative and person-centered approach. Nevertheless, further research is required to strengthen and consolidate the existing evidence base.
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Terapia de aceptación y compromiso, Psicosis, Esquizofrenia, Intervención psicológica, Síntomas negativos, Trastornos psicóticos
