Funcionamiento familiar y balance trabajo–familia en hogares en condición de pluriempleo: un estudio desde un modelo de relaciones causales
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Díaz Lobo, Julieth Paola
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El pluriempleo, se ha convertido en un fenómeno común en las últimas décadas, se define
como la prestación de servicios laborales a dos o más organizaciones. Esto aumenta la
probabilidad de que la dedicación en tiempos excesivos al trabajo pueda generar conflictos o
un desbalance en las áreas laboral y familiar. En función de lo anterior, el objetivo de la
presente investigación fue analizar la relación entre el funcionamiento familiar y el balance
trabajo–familia en hogares en condición de pluriempleo, a partir de un modelo de relaciones
causales. La metodología fue de enfoque cuantitativo con diseño transeccional-correlacional
causal descriptivo, utilizando diversos instrumentos como: Cuestionario de Interacción trabajo –
familia SWING (Jiménez et al., 2009), Escala CTF/CFT (Carlson, Kacmar & Williams, 2000) y la
Escala de Evaluación de la Cohesión y Adaptabilidad Familiar (FACES III) (Olson, 1985; Olson
et al., 1985). Los resultados muestran que el pluriempleo incrementa las exigencias laborales,
pero su impacto negativo varía según los recursos disponibles. La cohesión y el funcionamiento
familiar actúan como factores protectores que reducen el conflicto trabajo–familia. En cambio,
la ausencia de autonomía y control laboral limita el enriquecimiento entre ambos dominios. En
conclusión, el pluriempleo no afecta de manera uniforme el equilibrio trabajo–familia, sino que
sus efectos dependen de la interacción entre condiciones laborales y recursos familiares.
Fortalecer la cohesión familiar y promover mayor autonomía laboral resulta clave para mitigar el
conflicto y favorecer el bienestar docente.
Multiple jobholding, which has become a common phenomenon in recent decades, is defined as the provision of labor services to two or more organizations. This increases the likelihood that excessive dedication to work may lead to conflicts or an imbalance between work and family life. Based on the above, the objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between family functioning and work-family balance in households with multiple jobs, using a causal relationship model. The methodology was quantitative with a descriptive causal cross-sectionalcorrelational design, using various instruments such as: SWING Work-Family Interaction Questionnaire (Jiménez et al., 2009), CTF/CFT Scale (Carlson, Kacmar & Williams, 2000) and the Family Cohesion and Adaptability Evaluation Scale (FACES III) (Olson, 1985; Olson et al., 1985). The results show that multiple jobholding increases work demands, but its negative impact varies depending on available resources. Family cohesion and functioning act as protective factors that reduce work–family conflict. On the other hand, the lack of autonomy and control at work limits enrichment between both domains. In conclusion, multiple jobs do not uniformly affect work–family balance; rather, their effects depend on the interaction between working conditions and family resources. Strengthening family cohesion and promoting greater autonomy at work are key to mitigating conflict and promoting teacher well-being.
Multiple jobholding, which has become a common phenomenon in recent decades, is defined as the provision of labor services to two or more organizations. This increases the likelihood that excessive dedication to work may lead to conflicts or an imbalance between work and family life. Based on the above, the objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between family functioning and work-family balance in households with multiple jobs, using a causal relationship model. The methodology was quantitative with a descriptive causal cross-sectionalcorrelational design, using various instruments such as: SWING Work-Family Interaction Questionnaire (Jiménez et al., 2009), CTF/CFT Scale (Carlson, Kacmar & Williams, 2000) and the Family Cohesion and Adaptability Evaluation Scale (FACES III) (Olson, 1985; Olson et al., 1985). The results show that multiple jobholding increases work demands, but its negative impact varies depending on available resources. Family cohesion and functioning act as protective factors that reduce work–family conflict. On the other hand, the lack of autonomy and control at work limits enrichment between both domains. In conclusion, multiple jobs do not uniformly affect work–family balance; rather, their effects depend on the interaction between working conditions and family resources. Strengthening family cohesion and promoting greater autonomy at work are key to mitigating conflict and promoting teacher well-being.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Pluriempleo, Funcionamiento familiar, Balance trabajo familia, Profesores
