Revisión bibliográfica sobre la desensibilización a la insulina en pacientes diabético con hipersensibilidad usando reportes y series de casos
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Bravo Mejía, Valerie Yesenia
Caballero Acosta, Osvaldo César
Donado Pardo, Zharick Daniela
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas
Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas
Resumen
Las reacciones de hipersensibilidad a la insulina (RHS) representan un problema clínico significativo en pacientes con diabetes mellitus, ya que comprometen el control glucémico y limitan el uso del principal tratamiento farmacológico disponible. Estas reacciones pueden presentarse desde toxicodermias que luego pueden evolucionar y convertirse en cuadros graves, afectando la continuidad del tratamiento y aumentando el riesgo de complicaciones metabólicas, de esta manera, la desensibilización a la insulina surge como estrategia terapéutica dirigida a crear tolerancia inmunológica y permitir la administración segura del medicamento. En este contexto el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la literatura científica disponible sobre los métodos de desensibilización en pacientes con antecedentes de hipersensibilidad, a través de una revisión bibliográfica basada en reportes y series de casos clínicos. se llevó a cabo una revisión descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo utilizando como herramientas de búsqueda base de datos como PubMet, scielo y Google Scholar.
Insulin hypersensitivity reactions (IHR) represent a significant clinical problem in patients with diabetes mellitus, as they compromise glycemic control and limit the use of the primary pharmacological treatment available. These reactions can range from toxicoderma, which may then progress and develop into severe conditions, affecting the continuity of treatment and increasing the risk of metabolic complications. Thus, desensitization to insulin emerges as a therapeutic strategy aimed at creating immune tolerance and enabling the safe administration of the medication. In this context, the objective of this research was to analyze the available scientific literature on desensitization methods in patients with a history of hypersensitivity, through a literature review based on reports and clinical case series. A descriptive review with a qualitative approach was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar as search tools.
Insulin hypersensitivity reactions (IHR) represent a significant clinical problem in patients with diabetes mellitus, as they compromise glycemic control and limit the use of the primary pharmacological treatment available. These reactions can range from toxicoderma, which may then progress and develop into severe conditions, affecting the continuity of treatment and increasing the risk of metabolic complications. Thus, desensitization to insulin emerges as a therapeutic strategy aimed at creating immune tolerance and enabling the safe administration of the medication. In this context, the objective of this research was to analyze the available scientific literature on desensitization methods in patients with a history of hypersensitivity, through a literature review based on reports and clinical case series. A descriptive review with a qualitative approach was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar as search tools.
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Palabras clave
Hipersensibilidad a la insulina, Reacción alérgica, Reacción adversa a la insulina, Resensibilización
