Condiciones territoriales, culturales e institucionales del turismo cultural en el municipio de San José de Cúcuta, para la formulación de un programa de estrategias sostenibles orientado al fortalecimiento de una guía turística cultural
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Delgado Quintero, Jefferson Orlando
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo describir las condiciones territoriales, culturales e institucionales del turismo cultural en el municipio de San José de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, con el propósito de formular un programa de estrategias sostenibles orientado al fortalecimiento de una guía turística cultural como instrumento de desarrollo territorial y bienestar social. El estudio reconoce el turismo cultural como una alternativa estratégica para articular patrimonio, identidad, gobernanza y economía social,
especialmente en ciudades intermedias y de frontera con dinámicas socioeconómicas complejas.
Metodológicamente, la investigación se enmarca en el paradigma positivista, con enfoque cuantitativo y diseño no experimental, descriptivo y transversal. La población estuvo conformada por actores del sistema turístico-cultural del municipio, incluyendo gestores culturales, operadores turísticos, funcionarios públicos y representantes de empresas sociales. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un cuestionario estructurado con escala Likert de cinco puntos, permitiendo análisis descriptivos y correlacionales.
Los resultados evidencian que el municipio posee un importante acervo cultural material e inmaterial y un reconocimiento general del potencial del turismo cultural para el desarrollo local. No obstante, se identifican debilidades asociadas a la fragmentación institucional, limitada articulación entre actores, escasa planificación y baja sistematización de la oferta cultural. El análisis confirma que la gobernanza y la participación comunitaria inciden positivamente en la percepción de sostenibilidad y bienestar social.
Se propone un programa estratégico estructurado en cinco componentes orientados a fortalecer la guía turística cultural como herramienta operativa de política pública, con potencial de replicabilidad en territorios similares.
This research aims to describe the territorial, cultural, and institutional conditions of cultural tourism in the municipality of San José de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, in order to formulate a sustainable strategic program designed to strengthen a cultural tourism guide as an instrument for territorial development and social well-being. The study recognizes cultural tourism as a strategic alternative for articulating heritage, identity, governance, and social economy, particularly in intermediate and border cities characterized by complex socioeconomic dynamics. Methodologically, the research is framed within the positivist paradigm, adopting a quantitative approach and a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of actors within the municipality’s tourism-cultural system, including cultural managers, tourism operators, public officials, and representatives of social enterprises. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale, enabling both descriptive and correlational statistical analyses. The findings reveal that the municipality possesses significant tangible and intangible cultural heritage assets and a general recognition of the potential of cultural tourism for local development. However, structural weaknesses were identified, including institutional fragmentation, limited stakeholder coordination, insufficient operational planning, and low systematization of cultural offerings. Correlational analysis confirms that governance and community participation positively influence perceptions of sustainability and social well-being. A five-component strategic program is proposed to strengthen the cultural tourism guide as an operational public policy instrument, with potential replicability in similar territorial contexts.
This research aims to describe the territorial, cultural, and institutional conditions of cultural tourism in the municipality of San José de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, in order to formulate a sustainable strategic program designed to strengthen a cultural tourism guide as an instrument for territorial development and social well-being. The study recognizes cultural tourism as a strategic alternative for articulating heritage, identity, governance, and social economy, particularly in intermediate and border cities characterized by complex socioeconomic dynamics. Methodologically, the research is framed within the positivist paradigm, adopting a quantitative approach and a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of actors within the municipality’s tourism-cultural system, including cultural managers, tourism operators, public officials, and representatives of social enterprises. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale, enabling both descriptive and correlational statistical analyses. The findings reveal that the municipality possesses significant tangible and intangible cultural heritage assets and a general recognition of the potential of cultural tourism for local development. However, structural weaknesses were identified, including institutional fragmentation, limited stakeholder coordination, insufficient operational planning, and low systematization of cultural offerings. Correlational analysis confirms that governance and community participation positively influence perceptions of sustainability and social well-being. A five-component strategic program is proposed to strengthen the cultural tourism guide as an operational public policy instrument, with potential replicability in similar territorial contexts.
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Turismo cultural, Desarrollo local, Sostenibilidad, Guía turística cultural, Bienestar social
