Riesgos emergentes en entornos digitales: análisis de la disminución de la capacidad laboral de los trabajadores Barranquilla
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Charris Acendra, Luis Armando
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El estudio se orientó a examinar la incidencia de los riesgos emergentes en entornos digitales sobre la pérdida de capacidad laboral de los trabajadores en Barranquilla, a partir del análisis de los vacíos jurídicos que presenta el sistema colombiano de riesgos laborales frente a las nuevas dinámicas derivadas de la transformación digital del trabajo. Se adoptó un diseño metodológico mixto, con predominio del enfoque cualitativo y apoyo de instrumentos cuantitativos. La recolección de información se sustentó en revisión documental, aplicación de encuestas a trabajadores que desempeñan sus funciones bajo modalidades de trabajo remoto y entrevistas semiestructuradas a especialistas en Derecho Laboral, Seguridad Social y salud ocupacional.
Los resultados revelaron que la exposición a fenómenos como la hiperconectividad, el tecnoestrés, la fatiga digital y el desgaste cognitivo acarrea consecuencias en los planos físico, emocional y funcional que erosionan de forma progresiva la salud ocupacional y el desempeño laboral. Asimismo, se identificaron vacíos normativos y técnicos en el sistema de seguridad social colombiano, particularmente en relación con el Decreto 1507 de 2014, el cual no contempla parámetros específicos para valorar afecciones vinculadas al trabajo digital. A partir de los resultados, se constata una insuficiencia institucional en el reconocimiento y calificación de los riesgos digitales emergentes como contingencias laborales, lo que deriva en escenarios de desprotección para trabajadores expuestos a dinámicas permanentes de conectividad digital. En consecuencia, se plantea la necesidad de fortalecer los mecanismos jurídicos, preventivos y técnicos orientados a la protección integral de la salud laboral frente a las nuevas formas de riesgo que trae consigo la digitalización del trabajo.
This study aimed to examine the impact of emerging risks in digital environments on the loss of work capacity among employees in Barranquilla, based on an analysis of the legal gaps in the Colombian occupational risk system in relation to the new dynamics arising from the digital transformation of work. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, with a predominance of qualitative data supported by quantitative instruments. Data collection was based on document review, surveys of workers performing their duties remotely, and semi-structured interviews with specialists in Labor Law, Social Security, and occupational health. The findings revealed that phenomena such as hyperconnectivity, technostress, digital fatigue, and cognitive exhaustion generate physical, emotional, and functional consequences that progressively deteriorate occupational health and work performance. Furthermore, regulatory and technical gaps were identified in the Colombian social security system, particularly regarding Decree 1507 of 2014, which lacks specific parameters for assessing health conditions related to digital work. The results reveal an institutional deficiency in the recognition and classification of emerging digital risks as occupational hazards, leading to a lack of protection for workers exposed to constant digital connectivity. Consequently, there is a need to strengthen legal, preventative, and technical mechanisms aimed at the comprehensive protection of occupational health against the new risks associated with the digitalization of work.
This study aimed to examine the impact of emerging risks in digital environments on the loss of work capacity among employees in Barranquilla, based on an analysis of the legal gaps in the Colombian occupational risk system in relation to the new dynamics arising from the digital transformation of work. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, with a predominance of qualitative data supported by quantitative instruments. Data collection was based on document review, surveys of workers performing their duties remotely, and semi-structured interviews with specialists in Labor Law, Social Security, and occupational health. The findings revealed that phenomena such as hyperconnectivity, technostress, digital fatigue, and cognitive exhaustion generate physical, emotional, and functional consequences that progressively deteriorate occupational health and work performance. Furthermore, regulatory and technical gaps were identified in the Colombian social security system, particularly regarding Decree 1507 of 2014, which lacks specific parameters for assessing health conditions related to digital work. The results reveal an institutional deficiency in the recognition and classification of emerging digital risks as occupational hazards, leading to a lack of protection for workers exposed to constant digital connectivity. Consequently, there is a need to strengthen legal, preventative, and technical mechanisms aimed at the comprehensive protection of occupational health against the new risks associated with the digitalization of work.
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Palabras clave
Riesgos digitales emergentes, Hiperconectividad, Pérdida de capacidad laboral, Seguridad social, Trabajo digital
