Estudio de falla de la tapa de aluminio del alternador “C626 - 28 Volt 260 amp”
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Villafañe Cuello, Patricio Antonio
Castiblanco Rodríguez, William David
Payares Barreto, Elian Jose
Madrid Palacio, Juan José
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
En la industria minera, la eficiencia operativa de la maquinaria pesada, como los camiones mineros, es esencial para mantener la productividad y evitar pérdidas económicas. En la mina de El Cerrejón, ubicada en La Guajira, Colombia, se identificó un problema en una de las tapas de aluminio de los alternadores de los camiones, específicamente del modelo “C626”. Estas fallas, que se manifiestan como fracturas en el sello de la tapa, comprometen el funcionamiento de los vehículos y causan significativos tiempos de inactividad. Este estudio tiene como objetivo principal determinar las causas subyacentes de estas fallas en las tapas de aluminio del alternador y explorar soluciones que no solo aumenten la confiabilidad del componente, sino que también promuevan el desarrollo sostenible. Para lograr este objetivo, se llevaron a cabo una serie de inspecciones visuales y estudios de laboratorio que incluyeron análisis de dureza y microestructural. Los métodos experimentales involucraron la preparación y el pulido de probetas metalográficas, el análisis detallado de microestructuras utilizando un microscopio metalúrgico invertido y la realización de ensayos de dureza según las normas ASTM.
In the mining industry, the operational efficiency of heavy machinery, such as trucks is essential to maintain productivity and avoid economic losses. In the El São Paulo mine Cerrejón, located in La Guajira, Colombia, a problem was identified in one of the aluminum lids of the alternators of trucks, specifically of the "C626" model. These failures, which manifest themselves as Fractures in the lid seal compromise the operation of vehicles and cause significant Downtime. The main objective of this study is to determine the underlying causes of these failures in the aluminum alternator covers and explore solutions that not only increase the reliability of the component, but also promote sustainable development. To achieve this objective, a series of visual inspections and laboratory studies were carried out, including hardness and microstructural analysis. Experimental methods involved the preparation and polishing of metallographic specimens, the detailed analysis of microstructures using a metallurgical microscope inverted and hardness testing to ASTM standards.
In the mining industry, the operational efficiency of heavy machinery, such as trucks is essential to maintain productivity and avoid economic losses. In the El São Paulo mine Cerrejón, located in La Guajira, Colombia, a problem was identified in one of the aluminum lids of the alternators of trucks, specifically of the "C626" model. These failures, which manifest themselves as Fractures in the lid seal compromise the operation of vehicles and cause significant Downtime. The main objective of this study is to determine the underlying causes of these failures in the aluminum alternator covers and explore solutions that not only increase the reliability of the component, but also promote sustainable development. To achieve this objective, a series of visual inspections and laboratory studies were carried out, including hardness and microstructural analysis. Experimental methods involved the preparation and polishing of metallographic specimens, the detailed analysis of microstructures using a metallurgical microscope inverted and hardness testing to ASTM standards.
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Alternador Falla de material, Tapa de aluminio, Análisis microestructural, Dureza, Desarrollo sostenible, Economía circular
