Terapia conductual dirigida al fortalecimiento del autoconcepto de los vínculos relacionales en mujer con diagnóstico de trastorno depresivo
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Posada Correa, Daysy Jeraldine
Márquez Ropero, Mónica Katherine
Vera Porras, Leydi Viviana
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Entre 2019 y 2023 se registraron 1.186.547 casos de depresión en Colombia, con una prevalencia del 72% en mujeres. 2025 se estima que alrededor de 2.425.000 mujeres podrían afectarse, lo que evidencia un incremento significativo y la necesidad de fortalecer las intervenciones en salud mental, reconocida por la OMS como un derecho fundamental. En este contexto, la Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual es una estrategia con mayor respaldo empírico, por su efectividad en el fortalecimiento del autoconcepto y la mejoría de las relaciones interpersonales en mujeres con depresión. El estudio orienta a promover cambios en autoconcepto y vínculos relacionales mediante estrategias conductuales dirigidas para modificar la percepción personal, los patrones de comportamiento y habilidades sociales. La teoría fundamentada en el modelo Lewinsohn y Graf, señalan que la depresión está asociada a la disminución del refuerzo positivo, lo que impacta directamente la autoimagen y funcionamiento social.La evaluación inicial evidenció depresión grave (BDI-II=43) y ansiedad severa (HAM-A=27), acompañadas de llanto constante, pensamientos negativos, anhedonia, temor al abandono y deterioro en diversas áreas de la vida. Estos indicadores establecieron la línea base que midieron los avances terapéuticos. Los resultados mostraron una reducción significativa de la sintomatología ansioso-depresiva, así como un aumento en la autoeficacia, junto con cambios cognitivos, conductuales que favorecieron la modificación de patrones vinculares disfuncionales. En conclusión, se confirma que intervenir autoconcepto y relaciones interpersonales desde un enfoque conductual mejora el bienestar psicológico y la calidad de vida en mujeres con depresión, resaltando la necesidad de implementar intervenciones basadas en evidencia en poblaciones vulnerables.
Between 2019 and 2023, 1,186,547 cases of depression were recorded in Colombia, with a prevalence of 72% in women. By 2025, it is estimated that around 2,425,000 women could be affected, which shows a significant increase and the need to strengthen mental health interventions, recognized by the WHO as a fundamental right. In this context, cognitivebehavioral therapy is one of the strategies with the most empirical support, due to its effectiveness in strengthening self-concept and improving interpersonal relationships in women with depression. The study aims to promote changes in self-concept and relational bonds through behavioral strategies designed to modify personal perception, behavior patterns, and social skills. The theory based on the Lewinsohn and Graf (1973) model indicates that depression is associated with a decrease in positive reinforcement, which directly impacts self-image and social functioning. The initial assessment revealed severe depression (BDI-II=43) and severe anxiety (HAMA=27), accompanied by constant crying, negative thoughts, anhedonia, fear of abandonment, and deterioration in various areas of life. These indicators established the baseline against which therapeutic progress was measured. The results showed a significant reduction in anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as an increase in self-efficacy, along with cognitive and behavioral changes that favored the modification of dysfunctional relationship patterns. In conclusion, it is confirmed that intervening in self-concept and interpersonal relationships from a behavioral approach improves psychological well-being and quality of life in women with depression, highlighting the need to implement evidence-based interventions in vulnerable populations.
Between 2019 and 2023, 1,186,547 cases of depression were recorded in Colombia, with a prevalence of 72% in women. By 2025, it is estimated that around 2,425,000 women could be affected, which shows a significant increase and the need to strengthen mental health interventions, recognized by the WHO as a fundamental right. In this context, cognitivebehavioral therapy is one of the strategies with the most empirical support, due to its effectiveness in strengthening self-concept and improving interpersonal relationships in women with depression. The study aims to promote changes in self-concept and relational bonds through behavioral strategies designed to modify personal perception, behavior patterns, and social skills. The theory based on the Lewinsohn and Graf (1973) model indicates that depression is associated with a decrease in positive reinforcement, which directly impacts self-image and social functioning. The initial assessment revealed severe depression (BDI-II=43) and severe anxiety (HAMA=27), accompanied by constant crying, negative thoughts, anhedonia, fear of abandonment, and deterioration in various areas of life. These indicators established the baseline against which therapeutic progress was measured. The results showed a significant reduction in anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as an increase in self-efficacy, along with cognitive and behavioral changes that favored the modification of dysfunctional relationship patterns. In conclusion, it is confirmed that intervening in self-concept and interpersonal relationships from a behavioral approach improves psychological well-being and quality of life in women with depression, highlighting the need to implement evidence-based interventions in vulnerable populations.
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Palabras clave
TCC, Vínculos relacionales, Trastorno depresivo, Autoconcepto, Afrontamiento.
