Acciones orientadoras para controlar el estrés académico y durante las prácticas profesionales en los estudiantes de enfermería
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Montoya Ortega, Marly Rocío
Fierro Jurado, Jenny Cecilia
Madriz Rodríguez, Delia Alejandra
Nieto, Zulmary
Moreno, Yenni
Bravo Valero, Antonio José
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Editor
Universidad Central de Venezuela
Resumen
El presente articulo está orientado a plantear acciones que con-
tribuyan a disminuir el estrés académico y durante las prácticas
profesionales, presente en estudiantes del último semestre del
programa de Enfermería de la UDES, sustentándose para ello
en conocer, desde el paradigma cuantitativo, la percepción de
los estudiantes sobre los factores relacionados con el grado de
manifestación de estrés, tanto académico como en la realiza-
ción de sus prácticas, lo que configuró un estudio de campo,
no experimental, de nivel descriptivo, con muestra intencional
de treinta estudiantes cursantes del 10mo semestre, empleado
como instrumento de levantamiento de información el cuestio-
nario. Entre los resultados, los factores relacionados con mayor
nivel de estrés académico, en la dimensión situaciones gene-
radoras: sobrecarga de tareas, entendimiento de los temas de
clase y tiempo limitado para hacer los trabajos; en la dimensión
reacciones físicas: trastornos del sueño, somnolencia y morder-
se las uñas; y, en la dimensión reacciones psicológicas: inquie-
tud, ansiedad y problemas de concentración; de los factores
relacionados con nivel de estrés en prácticas profesionales, de
la dimensión realización: no saber como responder al paciente,
desmejora y denuncia del paciente; y, de la dimensión clima
organizacional: carga laboral excesiva. Se concluye que los fac-
tores relacionados con el nivel de estrés tienen énfasis en la for-
mación académica y no poseen un nivel alto de impacto, plan-
teándose acciones orientadoras para ser gestionados; además,
la existencia de estrés académico es determinante estadística-
mente de la existencia de estrés durante prácticas profesionales.
This article is aimed at proposing actions that contribute to re- ducing academic stress and during professional practices, pres- ent in students of the last semester of the Nursing program of the UDES, based on knowing, from the quantitative paradigm, the perception of the students on the factors related to the degree of manifestation of stress, both academic and in the re- alization of their practices, which configured a field study, non- experimental, of descriptive level, with an intentional sample of thirty students attending the 10th semester, employing as an in- strument for gathering information, the questionnaire. Among the results, the factors related to a higher level of academic stress, in the dimension of the generating situation: task over- load, understanding of class topics, and limited time to do as- signments; in the physical reactions dimension: sleep disorders, drowsiness, and nail-biting; and, in the psychological reactions dimension: restlessness, anxiety and concentration problems; of the factors related to the level of stress in professional practices, of the achievement dimension: not knowing how to respond to the patient, deterioration, and complaint of the patient; and the organizational climate dimension: excessive workload. It is concluded that the factors related to the level of stress, have an emphasis on academic training and do not have a high level of impact, proposing guiding actions to be managed. Further- more, the existence of academic stress is a statistically deter- minant of the existence of stress during professional practices.
This article is aimed at proposing actions that contribute to re- ducing academic stress and during professional practices, pres- ent in students of the last semester of the Nursing program of the UDES, based on knowing, from the quantitative paradigm, the perception of the students on the factors related to the degree of manifestation of stress, both academic and in the re- alization of their practices, which configured a field study, non- experimental, of descriptive level, with an intentional sample of thirty students attending the 10th semester, employing as an in- strument for gathering information, the questionnaire. Among the results, the factors related to a higher level of academic stress, in the dimension of the generating situation: task over- load, understanding of class topics, and limited time to do as- signments; in the physical reactions dimension: sleep disorders, drowsiness, and nail-biting; and, in the psychological reactions dimension: restlessness, anxiety and concentration problems; of the factors related to the level of stress in professional practices, of the achievement dimension: not knowing how to respond to the patient, deterioration, and complaint of the patient; and the organizational climate dimension: excessive workload. It is concluded that the factors related to the level of stress, have an emphasis on academic training and do not have a high level of impact, proposing guiding actions to be managed. Further- more, the existence of academic stress is a statistically deter- minant of the existence of stress during professional practices.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Estrés, Academia, Prácticas profesionales, Estudiantes, Enfermería, Stress, Academy, Professional practices, Students, Nursing