Alternativa psicométrica para la escala de bienestar psicológico de Casullo con base en una muestra de adolescentes de Maracaibo, Venezuela
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Fecha
2020
Autores
García-Álvarez, Diego
Hernández-Lalinde, Juan
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Saber UCV, Universidad Central de Venezuela
Resumen
La escala de bienestar psicológico formulada por Casullo se sustenta en el modelo multidimensional de Carol Ryff. En su versión original, esta medida está integrada por 13 ítems reunidos en los factores de control, vínculos, aceptación y proyectos. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar las propiedades psicométricas de este instrumento en una muestra de adolescentes de Maracaibo, Venezuela, mediante la evaluación de la validez factorial, convergente y divergente, así como del análisis de la invarianza y de la consistencia interna. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio instrumental en el que participaron 400 adolescentes de la mencionada ciudad. Los resultados avalaron la estructura inicial planteada por la autora; sin embargo, también revelaron problemas de validez convergente y divergente. En consecuencia, se diseñó un modelo alterno en el que se eliminó el primer reactivo y se replanteó el esquema factorial, cambio con el cual se subsanaron estas fallas y se alcanzaron adecuadas propiedades psicométricas. En este nuevo esquema, además, se comprobó la invarianza completa configural y métrica, en tanto que se verificó la invarianza parcial a nivel escalar y residual. Se concluye que la versión modificada de la escala es una herramienta válida y confiable para medir y comparar el bienestar psicológico adolescente.
The psychological well-being scale formulated by Casullo is based on Carol Ryff’s multidimensional model. In its original version, this measure is integrated by 13 items gathered in the factors of control, links, acceptance and projects. The research aim was to determine the psychometric properties of this instrument in a sample of adolescents from Maracaibo, Venezuela, through the evaluation of factorial, convergent and discriminant validity, as well as the analysis of invariance and internal consistency. For this purpose, an instrumental study was carried out in which 400 adolescents from this city participated. The results supported the initial structure proposed by the author; however, they also revealed convergent and discriminant validity problems. Consequently, an alternate model was designed in which the first item was removed and the factorial scheme was reconsidered, a change with which these flaws were corrected and adequate psychometric properties were achieved. In this new scheme, in addition, the complete configural and metric invariance was proved, while the partial invariance was verified at the scalar and residual level. It is concluded that the modified version of the scale is a valid and reliable tool to measure and compare adolescent psychological well-being.
The psychological well-being scale formulated by Casullo is based on Carol Ryff’s multidimensional model. In its original version, this measure is integrated by 13 items gathered in the factors of control, links, acceptance and projects. The research aim was to determine the psychometric properties of this instrument in a sample of adolescents from Maracaibo, Venezuela, through the evaluation of factorial, convergent and discriminant validity, as well as the analysis of invariance and internal consistency. For this purpose, an instrumental study was carried out in which 400 adolescents from this city participated. The results supported the initial structure proposed by the author; however, they also revealed convergent and discriminant validity problems. Consequently, an alternate model was designed in which the first item was removed and the factorial scheme was reconsidered, a change with which these flaws were corrected and adequate psychometric properties were achieved. In this new scheme, in addition, the complete configural and metric invariance was proved, while the partial invariance was verified at the scalar and residual level. It is concluded that the modified version of the scale is a valid and reliable tool to measure and compare adolescent psychological well-being.
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Bienestar psicológico, Estudios de validación, Adolescentes, Maracaibo, Venezuela, Psychological well-being, Validation studies, Adolescents