Factores asociados a microalbuminuria y enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes diabéticos que acuden al Hospital Básico de Paute, Ecuador
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Palacio Rojas, Marcos
Rodas Rivera, María Caridad
Ullaguari Guaman, Ana Lorena
Prado Jiménez, Ángel David
Zapata Naula, José Francisco
Lucero Llivicura, Diana Ximena
Chacín González, Maricarmen
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Sociedad Venezolana de Hipertensión
Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión
Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión
Resumen
Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a microalbuminuria y Enfermedad Renal Crónica (ERC) en pacientes diabéticos del Hospital Básico de Paute, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: Se trató de un estudio descriptivo y transversal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 del club de diabetes del Hospital Básico de Paute durante el periodo enero a agosto de 2018, se utilizó un cuestionario validado por 2 expertos en diabetes mellitus que incluía datos
personales, antropométricos, nivel de microalbuminuria y tasa de filtración glomerular. Resultados: De los 80 pacientes evaluados, el 73,8% (n=59) fueron del sexo femenino, la microalbuminuria se presentó en 20% (n=16) de los casos y la mayoría de sujetos se ubicó en el estadio 2 de ERC al aplicar la fórmula MDRD-4. El principal factor asociado a microalbuminuria fue la ocupación, con una
menor frecuencia en los pacientes con oficios del hogar (<30 mg/24 horas: 71,9% vs 30-300 mg/24 horas: 50%; P<0,01). Los pacientes con mayor porcentaje de microalbuminuria fueron los agricultores/ganaderos y los empleados públicos/privados. En cuanto a los factores asociados a el estadio de ERC, la frecuencia de sujetos con >70 años aumenta conforme disminuye la TFG (Estadio 1: 6,7% vs Estadio 3: 53,8%). Conclusión: Los pacientes del club de
diabetes del Hospital Básico de Paute, Ecuador tienen una prevalencia de microalbuminuria similar a la de reportes previos, especialmente latinoamericanos, con una clasificación de ERC en los primeros estadios. Siendo el estatus
laboral el principal factor asociado a microalbuminuria y la edad el relacionado al estadio de ERC.
Objective: To determine the associated factor to microalbuminuria and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in diabetic patients of the Hospital Básico de Paute, Ecuador. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and crosssectional study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of the Hospital Básico de Paute diabetes club during the period January to August 2018, a questionnaire validated by 2 experts in diabetes mellitus was used, the following data was reported: personal, anthropometric, microalbuminuria levels and glomerular filtration rate. Results: Out of the 80 patients evaluated, 73.8% (n=59) were female, microalbuminuria was present in 20% (n=16) of the cases and the majority of subjects were in stage 2 of CKD when applying the MDRD-4 formula. The main factor associated with microalbuminuria was occupation, with a lower frequency in patients with household activities (<30 mg/24 hours: 71.9% vs 30-300 mg/24 hours: 50%; P<0.01). The patients with the highest percentage of microalbuminuria were farmers / ranchers and public / private employees. Regarding the factors associated with the stage of CKD, the frequency of subjects >70 years of age increased as the Glomerular Filtration Rate decreased (Stage 1: 6.7% vs. Stage 3: 53.8%). Conclusion: The patients of the Hospital Básico de Paute diabetes club, Ecuador have a prevalence of microalbuminuria similar to previous reports, especially Latin America, with a classification of CKD in the first stages. Being the laboral status the main factor associated to microalbuminuria and the age related to the stage of CKD.
Objective: To determine the associated factor to microalbuminuria and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in diabetic patients of the Hospital Básico de Paute, Ecuador. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and crosssectional study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of the Hospital Básico de Paute diabetes club during the period January to August 2018, a questionnaire validated by 2 experts in diabetes mellitus was used, the following data was reported: personal, anthropometric, microalbuminuria levels and glomerular filtration rate. Results: Out of the 80 patients evaluated, 73.8% (n=59) were female, microalbuminuria was present in 20% (n=16) of the cases and the majority of subjects were in stage 2 of CKD when applying the MDRD-4 formula. The main factor associated with microalbuminuria was occupation, with a lower frequency in patients with household activities (<30 mg/24 hours: 71.9% vs 30-300 mg/24 hours: 50%; P<0.01). The patients with the highest percentage of microalbuminuria were farmers / ranchers and public / private employees. Regarding the factors associated with the stage of CKD, the frequency of subjects >70 years of age increased as the Glomerular Filtration Rate decreased (Stage 1: 6.7% vs. Stage 3: 53.8%). Conclusion: The patients of the Hospital Básico de Paute diabetes club, Ecuador have a prevalence of microalbuminuria similar to previous reports, especially Latin America, with a classification of CKD in the first stages. Being the laboral status the main factor associated to microalbuminuria and the age related to the stage of CKD.
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Palabras clave
Diabetes, Enfermedad renal crónica, Microalbuminuria, Complicación, Chronic Kidney Disease