Infección por Dirofilaria immitis en felinos y caninos atendidos en clínicas veterinarias de Barranquilla-Atlántico
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Fecha
2019
Autores
Angarita Villarroel, Eleonora
Diaz Ortiz, Diana
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas
Facultad Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas
Resumen
Introducción: la dirofilariasis, es una enfermedad zoonótica causada por Dirofilaria immitis, transmitida por mosquitos vectores como Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, Mansonia y Psophora, afecta principalmente perros y gatos, y otros. Los reportes en Colombia de Dirofilariasis canina son escasos y se han limitado a estudios de seroprevalencia y en felinos no existen estudios. Objetivos: establecer la prevalencia de D. immitis y su correlación con aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos y de laboratorio, en caninos y felinos atendidos en clínicas veterinarias de Barranquilla. Metodología: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se analizaron 185 caninos y 25 felinos que cumplieron con criterios de inclusión. Se confirmó la infección por técnicas de microscopia (Knott), inmunocromatografía (Speed Diro Virbac), y molecular; se realizó extracción de ADN y luego una PCR anidada utilizando cebadores del gen de la subunidad I de Citocromo Oxidasa de D. immitis y posterior corrido electroforético. Resultados: la prevalencia global por D. immitis fue de 127/185 (68,6%) caninos y 1/25 (4%) felinos, con base en la positividad de alguna de las técnicas utilizadas, 66,4% por inmunocromatografía, 29.8% por PCR por microscopia 29,1% de caninos positivos. El único felino positivo fue por PCR. Conclusiones: los hallazgos encontrados evidencian una alta prevalencia de Dirofilaria en Barranquilla, con respecto a lo reportado en otros estudios. Los datos clínicos y de laboratorio resultan útiles para el diagnóstico y pronóstico de la enfermedad. La baja prevalencia en felinos hasta el momento podría deberse a la alta inmunidad frente al nematodo, por tanto, se hace necesario el diagnóstico confirmatorio molecular.
Background: Dirofilariasis, is a zoonotic disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis, transmitted by mosquito vectors such as Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, Mansonia and Psophora, mainly affects dogs and cats, and others. Reports in Colombia of Canine Dirofilariasis are scarce and have been limited to seroprevalence studies and in felines there are no studies. Objectives: to establish the prevalence of D. immitis and its correlation with epidemiological, clinical and laboratory aspects, in dogs and cats treated in veterinary clinics in Barranquilla. Methodology: descriptive cross-sectional study. 185 canines and 25 felines that met inclusion criteria were analyzed. Infection was confirmed by microscopy (Knott), immunochromatography (Speed Diro Virbac), and molecular techniques; DNA extraction was performed and then a nested PCR using primers of the subunit I gene of Cytochrome Oxidase of D. immitis and subsequent electrophoretic run. Results: the overall prevalence for D. immitis was 127/185 (68.6%) canines and 1/25 (4%) felines, based on the positivity of any of the techniques used, 66.4% by immunochromatography, 29.1% by microscopy and 29% by PCR of positive canines. The only positive feline was by PCR. Conclusions: the findings found show a high prevalence of Dirofilaria in Barranquilla, with respect to what was reported in other studies. Clinical and laboratory data are useful for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. The low prevalence in felines so far, could be due to the high immunity against the nematode, therefore, the molecular confirmatory diagnosis is necessary.
Background: Dirofilariasis, is a zoonotic disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis, transmitted by mosquito vectors such as Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, Mansonia and Psophora, mainly affects dogs and cats, and others. Reports in Colombia of Canine Dirofilariasis are scarce and have been limited to seroprevalence studies and in felines there are no studies. Objectives: to establish the prevalence of D. immitis and its correlation with epidemiological, clinical and laboratory aspects, in dogs and cats treated in veterinary clinics in Barranquilla. Methodology: descriptive cross-sectional study. 185 canines and 25 felines that met inclusion criteria were analyzed. Infection was confirmed by microscopy (Knott), immunochromatography (Speed Diro Virbac), and molecular techniques; DNA extraction was performed and then a nested PCR using primers of the subunit I gene of Cytochrome Oxidase of D. immitis and subsequent electrophoretic run. Results: the overall prevalence for D. immitis was 127/185 (68.6%) canines and 1/25 (4%) felines, based on the positivity of any of the techniques used, 66.4% by immunochromatography, 29.1% by microscopy and 29% by PCR of positive canines. The only positive feline was by PCR. Conclusions: the findings found show a high prevalence of Dirofilaria in Barranquilla, with respect to what was reported in other studies. Clinical and laboratory data are useful for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. The low prevalence in felines so far, could be due to the high immunity against the nematode, therefore, the molecular confirmatory diagnosis is necessary.
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Dirofilariasis, Zoonosis, Trastornos respiratorios, Enfermedades del perro, Enfermedades del gato, Respiration disorders, Dog diseases, Cat diseases