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Brain hematoma computational segmentation
(IOP Publishing, 2018)
In computed tomography imaging, brain hematoma (BH) segmentation is a very
challenging process due to a high variability of BH morphology, low contrast and noisy
images. Because of this, BH segmentation is an open problem. In order to approach this
problem, we propose an automatic technique, named nonlinear technique (NLT), based on a
thresholding method, noise suppression filters, intelligent operators, a clustering strategy and a
binary morphological operator. NLT performance is assessed by Jaccard's similarity index
(JSI) used to compare ...
Usefulness of cutting planes in the hierarchical segmentation of cardiac anatomical structures
(IOP Publishing, 2019)
A spatial geometric plane is defined by the three-dimensional coordinates of a pair of
spatial points and the direction that the normal vector establishes, which is formed by joining
those points by means of an oriented line segment. This type of planes, in three-dimensional
images, is extremely useful as an alternative solution to the problem of low contrast that exhibit
the anatomical structures present in cardiac computed tomography images. To do this, after using
a predetermined filter bank and in order to define a region of interest, a ...
Space-occupying lesions identification in mammary glands using a mixed computational strategy
(IOP Publishing, 2019)
Abstract. The mammary pathology can manifest itself in multiple ways and originates spaceoccupying
lesions. The breast cancer is a space-occupying lesion, which is highly prevalent,
especially in women, and worldwide it is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality
in this population. The main image modality for breast cancer detection is the magnetic
resonance but this kind of image modality introduces several imperfections that affect the
image quality. Some of these imperfections or problems are: inhomogeneity in the ...
Large cells cancer volumetry in chest computed tomography pulmonary images
(IOP Publishing, 2019)
Lung cancer is the leading oncological cause of death in the world. As for
carcinomas, they represent between 90% and 95% of lung cancers; among them, non-small cell
lung cancer is the most common type and the large cell carcinoma, the pathology on which this
research focuses, is usually detected with the computed tomography images of the thorax.
These images have three big problems: noise, artifacts and low contrast. The volume of the
large cell carcinoma is obtained from the segmentations of the cancerous tumor generated, in a
semi-automatic ...
Interest rates calculation in certain ordinary annuities
(IOP Publishing, 2019)
Certain annuities are annuities whose payments occur on fixed dates; while a certain ordinary annuity is one in which payments are made at the end of each established period. The calculation of the interest rate, which governs the certain ordinary annuity, involves the use of a non-analytical equation that requires the application of numerical techniques to obtain the value of the aforementioned rate. The literature indicates that any of these techniques requires one or several numerical values for initialization, which generally are estimated ...
Left atrial appendage automatic segmentation, in computed tomography images
(IOP Publishing, 2019)
The left atrial appendage is one of the anatomical places where most frequently
blood thrombi occur. When migrating from the appendage, these thrombi, become blood
emboli that, potentially, can compromise the physiology and/or anatomy of cardiac or cerebral
blood vessels, being able to generate cerebrovascular events. The left atrial appendage
segmentation is very difficult due, mainly, to its location and the identical densitometric
information presents into of this appendage and around of the left atrium. In this paper, an
automatic ...
Pulmonary adenocarcinoma characterization using computed tomography images
(IOP Publishing, 2019)
Lung cancer is one of the pathologies that sensitively affects the health of human
beings. Particularly, the pathology called pulmonary adenocarcinoma represents 25% of all lung
cancers. In this research, we propose a semiautomatic technique for the characterization of a
tumor (adenocarcinoma type), present in a three-dimensional pulmonary computed tomography
dataset. Following the basic scheme of digital image processing, first, a bank of smoothing filters
and edge detectors is applied allowing the adequate preprocessing over the dataset ...
Smart operator for the human liver automatic segmentation, present in medical images
(IOP Publishing, 2019)
The segmentation of the human body organ called liver is a highly challenging problem due to the noise, artifacts and the low contrast exhibited by the anatomical structures located around the liver and that are present in digital images, generated by any modality of medical images. The main modalities are: ultrasound, nuclear emission, magnetic resonance and the gold standard called multi-slice computed tomography. In this paper, with the objective of to address this problem, we consider multi-slice computed tomography images and we propose an ...
Usefulness of digital images segmentation in pulmonary transplantation
(IOP Publishing, 2019)
In the presence of pulmonary pathologies such as chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease, diffuse pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis, among others, it is common to require
the removal or replacement of a portion of lungs. There are several requirements for both
donors and organ receivers (recipients) established in the literature. May be the main one is the
volume that the donor's lungs occupy in the thoracic cavity. This parameter is vital because if
the volume of the lungs exceeds the thoracic cavity of the recipients the transplant, ...
Use of computational realistic models for the cardiac ejection fraction calculation
(IOP Publishing, 2019)
Ejection fraction is one of the most useful clinical descriptors to determine the cardiac
function of a subject. For this reason, obtaining the value of this descriptor is of vital importance
and requires high precision. However, in the clinical routine, to generate the mentioned
descriptor value, a geometric hypothesis is assumed, obtaining an approximate value for this
fraction, usually by excess, and which is a dependent-operator. The aim of the present work is
to propose the accurate calculation of the ejection fraction from realistic ...